Latest Achievements in Polymer Optical Fiber Gratings: Fabrication and Applications

Min, Rui; Ortega, B.; Marques, Carlos

doi:10.3390/photonics6020036

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Another measurement technique that works along these principles is considered by [9], who investigate the potential of Fibre Braggs Gratings (FBG). A thorough explanation of this technique is provided by [7] and, whilst being well established for silica fibre, it is an emerging technology with POFs [29][30][31][32]. A Bragg Grating structure is inscribed into the optical fibre using ultraviolet light [10], a broadband light source is launched down the fibre, and an optical spectrum analyser is used to monitor the reflection spectra and identify the fibre Bragg wavelength peak.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Polymer Fibre Optics for Condition Monitoring of Synthetic Mooring Lines

Gordelier

Thies

Rinaldi

et al. 2020

JMSE

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Synthetic mooring lines are becoming a popular alternative to conventional chain mooring systems. For marine renewable energy devices, they have been considered as an enabling technology for this nascent sector, given their reduced costs and ease of deployment. However, the extreme operating environment has led to an increased interest in the 'in-situ' condition monitoring of these mooring lines. This paper considers the use of polymer fibre optic technology and the optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) technique for the condition monitoring of synthetic mooring lines. To establish the operating envelope of the fibres, Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer optical fibres are mechanically tested. Additionally, an OTDR is used to monitor fibres whilst under elongation using a tensile test machine, and the sensitivity of the system in monitoring strain is established. At the lowest strain rate, the average proportional limit and yield points of the fibres are found at 1.16% strain and 5.41% strain, respectively. Fatigue exposure of fibres up to 1.25% strain identifies no measurable effect on fibres' proportional limit or yield point. The occurrence of significant creep is identified for fibres strained beyond 1.5%. The OTDR system is able to identify strains at and above 4%. The study identifies important criteria that should be considered in the integration of polymer optical fibres for mooring applications. Limitations are discussed and suggestions for progressing this technology are provided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Polymer Fibre Optics for Condition Monitoring of Synthetic Mooring Lines

Gordelier

Thies

Rinaldi

et al. 2020

JMSE

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“…Other examples include polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC) [ 17 ], amorphous fluorinated polymer CYTOP [ 18 ], and cyclic olefins such as ZEONEX [ 19 ] or TOPAS [ 20 , 21 ]. Extended reviews about POFs, the materials involved in their fabrication, and their applications can be found in [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Materials Properties Relevant For Implantable Optical Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in the Fabrication of Biodegradable and Implantable Optical Fibers for Biomedical Applications

et al. 2021

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The limited penetration depth of visible light in biological tissues has encouraged researchers to develop novel implantable light-guiding devices. Optical fibers and waveguides that are made from biocompatible and biodegradable materials offer a straightforward but effective approach to overcome this issue. In the last decade, various optically transparent biomaterials, as well as different fabrication techniques, have been investigated for this purpose, and in view of obtaining fully fledged optical fibers. This article reviews the state-of-the-art in the development of biocompatible and biodegradable optical fibers. Whilst several reviews that focus on the chemical properties of the biomaterials from which these optical waveguides can be made have been published, a systematic review about the actual optical fibers made from these materials and the different fabrication processes is not available yet. This prompted us to investigate the essential properties of these biomaterials, in view of fabricating optical fibers, and in particular to look into the issues related to fabrication techniques, and also to discuss the challenges in the use and operation of these optical fibers. We close our review with a summary and an outline of the applications that may benefit from these novel optical waveguides.

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“…Nevertheless, those features also make POFs a good temperature and humidity sensor. With the high thermal sensitivity (twice higher than silicate optical fibre (SOF) [33]), POF-Bragg gratings (POFBG) devices have been successfully applied for high-resolution temperature monitoring in biomedical areas [11]. The reflective events (e.g., connections and fibre deformation) can trigger the decoupling of higher-order modes (or mode filter effects) and event dead zones.…”

Section: Modal Dispersion Coupling and Decoupling Effects On Event mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other configurations in which the POFs were only stretched at failure, the signals were less strong and were influenced by the POF-structure bonding strength.Sensors play a crucial role in detecting the health of the structure and accessing the probable damage or collapse. Over the past few decades, studies on optical fibre have started, consequently leading to the proposal of various ideas and techniques for structural health monitoring and damage detection [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Innovative distributed optical fibre sensors (DOFS) [9,12] are used over classical strain gauges to monitor the structural damage and preferred as a better alternatives because of the following reasons: (a) strain gauges are point sensors whereas DOFSs are continuous sensors along the entire length; (b) deployment of strain gauges requires the prior knowledge of expected damage locations; (c) installation of miniature strain gauges involves cumbersome gluing and wire welding processes; and (d) each strain gauge is connected to a pair of cables, and it can be quite disordered if a large number of strain gauges are required.Habel and Bismarck [5] recommended the use of highly resolvable bare and plasma-polymer coated fibre sensors in concrete environment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Structural Shear Deformation and Failure Monitoring Using Bend Losses in Polymer Optical Fibre

Yuen

Tsai

Deb

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Rapid identification of structural damage positions is essential to the post-disaster rehabilitation of structures and infrastructures. Large shear deformation, e.g., shear failure of bridge piers, shear-slip of slopes, and shear cracking of structural walls, is often the cause of structural instability. Distributed optical fibre sensing (DOFS) techniques have an advantage over point-based sensors in terms of spatial continuous structural condition monitoring. This paper presents the development of new measurement theory and algorithm to evaluate the structural shear deflection based on the large beam deflection and optical bend loss theories. The proposed technique adopted a photon-counting Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (ν-OTDR) with polymer optical fibres (POFs) which has a large deformation measurement range and high spatial resolution. In the experiment, shear deformation events can be successfully detected and evaluated from the proposed technique. When the normalised shear deformation is larger than 0.2, both the event locations and the magnitudes can be accurately determined. When normalised shear deformation is lesser than 0.2, the error in the magnitude evaluation increased, but the event location can be found with an absolute error <0.5 m. Multiple shear events can be treated as independent events when they are separated by more than 5 m. Various configurations of POFs attached to concrete beam specimens for rupture failure monitoring were also studied. The configuration that could maximise the POF curvature at the beam failure produced the largest ν-OTDR signals. In other configurations in which the POFs were only stretched at failure, the signals were less strong and were influenced by the POF-structure bonding strength.Sensors play a crucial role in detecting the health of the structure and accessing the probable damage or collapse. Over the past few decades, studies on optical fibre have started, consequently leading to the proposal of various ideas and techniques for structural health monitoring and damage detection [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Innovative distributed optical fibre sensors (DOFS) [9,12] are used over classical strain gauges to monitor the structural damage and preferred as a better alternatives because of the following reasons: (a) strain gauges are point sensors whereas DOFSs are continuous sensors along the entire length; (b) deployment of strain gauges requires the prior knowledge of expected damage locations; (c) installation of miniature strain gauges involves cumbersome gluing and wire welding processes; and (d) each strain gauge is connected to a pair of cables, and it can be quite disordered if a large number of strain gauges are required.Habel and Bismarck [5] recommended the use of highly resolvable bare and plasma-polymer coated fibre sensors in concrete environment. These sensors could reliably measure the micro-deformation behaviour of special grouts. Abbiati et al. [6] proposed a prototype of an optical fibre sensor for monitoring civil engineering structures par...

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Latest Achievements in Polymer Optical Fiber Gratings: Fabrication and Applications

Cited by 39 publications

References 121 publications

Investigating Polymer Fibre Optics for Condition Monitoring of Synthetic Mooring Lines

Investigating Polymer Fibre Optics for Condition Monitoring of Synthetic Mooring Lines

Challenges in the Fabrication of Biodegradable and Implantable Optical Fibers for Biomedical Applications

Large Structural Shear Deformation and Failure Monitoring Using Bend Losses in Polymer Optical Fibre

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