Lathyrism: A review

Weaver, Arthur L.

doi:10.1002/art.1780100510

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The severity of the phenotype in lathyrism is proportional to the quantity and timing of BAPN ingestion. In animals, BAPN exposure early in life leads to aortic aneurysms and death, while later in life it manifests in bone and tendon abnormalities (44). Primary human copper deficiency manifesting as anemia, neutropenia, and bone fractures is rarely seen in developed countries except in some malabsorption syndromes and very low birth weight infants (45).…”

Section: Biochemical Analysis Of Elastin and Collagenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysyl Oxidase Is Required for Vascular and Diaphragmatic Development in Mice

Hornstra¹,

Birge²,

Starcher³

et al. 2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

284

255

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Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is an enzyme responsible for the cross-linking of collagen and elastin both in vitro and in vivo. The unique functions of the individual members of this multigene family have been difficult to ascertain because of highly conserved catalytic domains and overlapping tissue expression patterns. To address this problem of functional and structural redundancy and to determine the role of LOX in the development of tissue integrity, Lox gene expression was deleted by targeted mutagenesis in mice. Lox-targeted mice (LOX ؊/؊ ) died soon after parturition, exhibiting cardiovascular instability with ruptured arterial aneurysms and diaphragmatic rupture. Microscopic analysis of the aorta demonstrated fragmented elastic fiber architecture in homozygous mutant null mice. LOX activity, as assessed by desmosine (elastin cross-link) analysis, was reduced by ϳ60% in the aorta and lungs of homozygous mutant animals compared with wild type mice. Immature collagen cross-links were decreased but to a lesser degree than elastin cross-links in LOX ؊/؊ mice. Thus, lysyl oxidase appears critical during embryogenesis for structural stability of the aorta and diaphragm and connective tissue development.

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Section: Biochemical Analysis Of Elastin and Collagenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lysyl Oxidase Is Required for Vascular and Diaphragmatic Development in Mice

Hornstra¹,

Birge²,

Starcher³

et al. 2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

284

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Whereas the manifestation of the former occurs in man and in domestic animals, the latter has not been described in man and its manifestation has been studied only in experi mental animals (1,8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Findings in Human Neurolathyrism

Weintroub¹,

Cohen²,

Salama³

et al. 1980

Eur Neurol

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In a review of the roentgenological files of 22 patients suffering from spastic paraplegia due to neurolathyrism, 3 patients were found to present abnormal skeletal findings. 2 patients showed absence of union of the secondary ossification centres of the iliac crests, the ischial tuberosities and the vertebral bodies. Their age at the time of ingestion of poisonous Lathyrus sativus plants was 19 and 20 years. The 3rd patient had bowing and thickening of his right femoral shaft. He was 22 years old at the time of poisoning. These findings which are similar to those found in experimental osteolathyrism have never been described in clinical neurolathyrism. They are of a nature to throw some doubt on the correctness of the currently prevailing concept of sharp distinction between these two pathological entities.

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“…Numerous factors have been reported to give partial protection against the effect of the osteolathyrogens including calcium (Naber & Blackwood, 1962), proteins (Weaver, 1967), thyroxine (Selye, 1957;Bell, Khogali & Sharma, 1962) and corticosteroids (Selye, 1957;Trnavsky, Trnavsky & Cebecauer, 1965).…”

Section: Effect Of Parathyroidectomy and Thyroparathyroidectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Osteolathyrogens are found in the seed of many members of the lathyrus (bean and pea) family. There have been several reviews of the action of the osteolathyrogens on connective tissues and on collagen metabolism (Selye, 1957;Weaver, 1967;Levine, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%