Latitudinal distribution of terrestrial lipid biomarkers and n-alkane compound-specific stable carbon isotope ratios in the atmosphere over the western Pacific and Southern Ocean

Bendle, James; Kawamura, Kimitaka; Yamazaki, Koji; Niwai, Takeji

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2007.09.029

Cited by 101 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…The slightly higher OC / EC ratios observed during less polluted air events suggest that secondary formation of OA was critical during less polluted air events. Bendle et al (2007) reported that the unsaturated to oversaturated C 18 fatty acids (C 18:n / C 18:0 ) ratio could be used as a good indicator to estimate the freshness of organic matter (OM) in marine samples. In this study, high ratios were recorded in samples associated with pollution episodes, whereas low ratios were observed in less polluted air events with air masses originating from the north and northwest of Beijing.…”

Section: Significance Of Pollution Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Huang

Kawamura

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Thirty water-soluble organic species, including dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid were determined as well as organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in PM 2.5 samples collected during the Campaign of Air Quality Research in Beijing 2007 (CAREBeijing-2007 in the urban and suburban areas of Beijing. The objective of this study is to identify the influence of traffic emissions and regional transport to the atmosphere in Beijing during summer. PM 2.5 samples collected with or without traffic restriction in Beijing are selected to evaluate the effectiveness of local traffic restriction measures on air pollution reduction. The average concentrations of the total quantified bifunctional organic compounds (TQBOCs), total fatty acids and benzoic acid during the entire sampling period were 1184 ± 241, 597 ± 159 and 1496 ± 511 ng m −3 in Peking University (PKU), and 1050 ± 303, 475 ± 114 and 1278 ± 372 ng m −3 in Yufa, Beijing. Oxalic acid (C 2 ) was found as the most abundant dicarboxylic acid at PKU and Yufa followed by phthalic acid (Ph). A strong even carbon number predominance with the highest level at stearic acid (C 18:0 ), followed by palmitic acid (C 16:0 ) was found for fatty acids. According to the back trajectories modeling results, the air masses were found to originate mainly from the northeast, passing over the southeast or south of Beijing (heavily populated, urbanized and industrialized areas), during heavier pollution events, whereas they are mainly from the north or northwest sector (mountain areas without serious anthropogenic pollution sources) during less pollution events. The data with wind only from the same sector (minimizing the difference from regional contribution) but with and without traffic restriction in Beijing were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of local traffic restriction measures on the reduction of local air pollution in Beijing. The results suggested that the traffic restriction measures can reduce the air pollutants, but the decrease of pollutants is generally smaller in Yufa compared to that in PKU. Moreover, an enhancement of EC value indicates more elevated primary emissions in Yufa during restriction periods than in non-restriction periods. This study demonstrates that even when primary exPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. K. F. Ho et al.: Effect of traffic restriction on air qualityhaust was controlled by traffic restriction, the contribution of secondary organic species formed from photochemical processes was critical with long-range atmospheric transport of pollutants.

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Section: Significance Of Pollution Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Huang

Kawamura

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…They are major constituents of cell membranes in marine phytoplankton and terrestrial plants, and can emit into the atmosphere directly from leaf surfaces of plants as well as wood combustion (Fine et al, 2001). Oleic (C 18:1 ) and linoleic (C 18:2 ) acids are unstable and undergo photochemical degradation in the marine atmosphere (Kawamura and Gagosian, 1987), and thus have not frequently been detected in remote marine aerosols (Simoneit, 1977;Kawamura and Gagosian, 1987;Bendle et al, 2007). Bendle et al (2007) proposed that the ratio of the unsaturated/saturated C 18 fatty acids (C 18:n /C 18:0 ) could be a qualitative guide to the relative freshness of the organic matter in marine aerosol samples.…”

Section: Aliphatic Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic molecular composition of marine aerosols over the Arctic Ocean in summer: contributions of primary emission and secondary aerosol formation

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Organic molecular composition of marine aerosol samples collected during the MALINA cruise in the Arctic Ocean was investigated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. More than 110 individual organic compounds were determined in the samples and were grouped into different compound classes based on the functionality and sources. The concentrations of total quantified organics ranged from 7.3 to 185 ng m −3 (mean 47.6 ng m −3 ), accounting for 1.8-11.0 % (4.8 %) of organic carbon in the marine aerosols. Primary saccharides were found to be dominant organic compound class, followed by secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracers formed from the oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as isoprene, α-pinene and β-caryophyllene. Mannitol, the specific tracer for airborne fungal spores, was detected as the most abundant organic species in the samples with a concentration range of 0.052-53.3 ng m −3 (9.2 ng m −3 ), followed by glucose, arabitol, and the isoprene oxidation products of 2-methyltetrols. Biomass burning tracers such as levoglucosan are evident in all samples with trace levels. On the basis of the tracer-based method for the estimation of fungal-spore OC and biogenic secondary organic carbon (SOC), we estimate that an average of 10.7 % (up to 26.2 %) of the OC in the marine aerosols was due to the contribution of fungal spores, followed by the contribution of isoprene SOC (mean 3.8 %) and α-pinene SOC (2.9 %). In contrast, only 0.19 % of the OC was due to the photooxidation of β-caryophyllene. This study indicates that primary organic aerosols from biogenic emissions, both from long-range transport of mid-latitude aerosols and from sea-to-air emission of marine organics, as well as secondary organic aerosols formed from the photooxidation of biogenic VOCs are important factors controlling the organic chemical composition of marine aerosols in the Arctic Ocean.

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“…The above is in agreement with the fact that terrestrial n-alkanes are transported in aerosols, which constitute the likely major transport pathway of both Ter.NA and COMB in the open EMS (see Sects. 2 and 5.2), both as plant waxes and smoke from biomass burning (Bendle et al, 2007;Yunker et al, 2011), while instead pyrolysis/combustion-derived COMB compounds' transport and dispersal is associated with fine soot and/or char black carbon combustion particles (Yunker et al, 2002, and references therein). Finally, NA concentrations significant correlation to Phe could be attributed to the constituent characteristics of total n-alkanes, which except for Ter.NA, that account for an average of 50 % of their total sum (see Sect.…”

Section: Drivers Of Hydrocarbons' Distribution In Deep-sea Sediments mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, sources and transport pathways of natural and anthropogenic hydrocarbons in deep-sea sediments of the eastern Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Surface sediments collected from deep basins (1018-4087 m depth) of the eastern Mediterranean Sea (Ionian Sea, southern Aegean Sea and northwestern Levantine Sea) were analyzed for aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as tracers of natural and anthropogenic inputs. Concentrations of total aliphatic hydrocarbons, n-alkanes and the unresolved complex mixture (UCM) of aliphatic hydrocarbons varied significantly, ranging from 1.34 to 49.2 µg g −1 , 145 to 4810 ng g −1 and 0.73 to 36.7 µg g −1 , respectively, while concentrations of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) ranged between 11.6 and 223 ng g −1 . Molecular profiles of determined hydrocarbons reflect a mixed contribution from both natural and anthropogenic sources in deep-sea sediments of the eastern Mediterranean Sea, i.e., terrestrial plant waxes, degraded petroleum products, unburned fossil fuels and combustion of grass, wood and coal. Hydrocarbon mixtures display significant variability amongst sub-regions, reflecting differences in the relative importance of inputs from various sources and phase associations/transport pathways of individual hydrocarbons that impact on their overall distribution and fate. Hydrocarbon concentrations correlated significantly with the organic carbon content of sediments, indicating that the latter exerts an important control on their transport and ultimate accumulation in deep basins. Additionally, water masses' circulation characteristics also seem to influence the regional features and distribution patterns of hydrocarbons. Our findings highlight the role of deep basins/canyons as repositories of both natural and anthropogenic chemical species.

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Latitudinal distribution of terrestrial lipid biomarkers and n-alkane compound-specific stable carbon isotope ratios in the atmosphere over the western Pacific and Southern Ocean

Cited by 101 publications

References 105 publications

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Organic molecular composition of marine aerosols over the Arctic Ocean in summer: contributions of primary emission and secondary aerosol formation

Occurrence, sources and transport pathways of natural and anthropogenic hydrocarbons in deep-sea sediments of the eastern Mediterranean Sea

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Latitudinal distribution of terrestrial lipid biomarkers and n-alkane compound-specific stable carbon isotope ratios in the atmosphere over the western Pacific and Southern Ocean

Cited by 101 publications

References 105 publications

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Organic molecular composition of marine aerosols over the Arctic Ocean in summer: contributions of primary emission and secondary aerosol formation

Occurrence, sources and transport pathways of natural and anthropogenic hydrocarbons in deep-sea sediments of the eastern Mediterranean Sea

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Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality