Laughter isn’t always the best medicine

Acharya, Anita; Basnett, Ian; Gutteridge, Charles; Noyce, Alastair J.

doi:10.1136/bmj.k4579

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Its use ranges from the catering industry where it is available in small cannisters called “whippets” to act as a propellant in the production of cooking sprays and whipped cream, to the automotive industry where it enhances engine performance and most commonly the medical field where its use has been regulated for anesthetic and analgesic purposes. [ 4 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In people who are inhaling high concentrations of pressurized gas, possibly with the aim of prolonging the desired effects, there has been reported cases of hypoxaemia, hypoxic brain injury, and in severe cases death by asphyxiation. [ 4 8 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients can present with a myriad of symptoms and signs, including sensorimotor neuropathy, paraesthesia, ataxia, loss of proprioception, bladder and bowel disturbances and mood changes. [ 4 8 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recreational nitrous oxide abuse causing B12 deficiency with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord: A case report

Razaq¹,

Qureshi²

2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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The recreational use of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a growing public health concern. Increasing numbers of young individuals are presenting to accident emergency departments complaining of adverse neurological symptoms as a result of N 2 O induced vitamin B12 deficiency. Despite its increasing popularity, many are still not aware of its devastating potential to cause a myriad of severe longstanding neurological impairment. Herein we present a case that highlights the effects of N 2 O abuse and the best way to investigate and manage such patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recreational nitrous oxide abuse causing B12 deficiency with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord: A case report

Razaq¹,

Qureshi²

2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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“…Commercial nitrous oxide is branded for the preparation of whipped cream5; however, commonly used, algorithmically driven retail websites propose the simultaneous purchase of nitrous oxide gas canisters with balloons,6 a vessel commonly used to inhale nitrous oxide recreationally 7. One 8 g canister dispensed into a balloon provides 3.74 L of inhaled nitrous gas 8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 One 8 g canister dispensed into a balloon provides 3.74 L of inhaled nitrous gas. 8 When inhaled, nitrous oxide produces euphoria, dissociation, hallucinations and anti-anxiety effects. 7 Its effects onset within seconds, peak within a minute and dissipate within minutes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in a patient with nitrous oxide use and autoimmune atrophic gastritis

Gardin,

Yang,

Moeller

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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Nitrous oxide is among the most common drugs used by adolescents and young adults, and its neuropsychiatric sequelae are severe but reversible with timely treatment. The causal mechanism relates to impaired metabolism of vitamin B12, which is necessary for the development and maintenance of the myelin sheath. Individuals most susceptible to neuropsychiatric manifestations are those with a secondary cause of vitamin B12 deficiency, including nutritional deficiency and impaired absorption, or an alternative cause of impaired metaboclism. We describe the case of a man in his thirties who developed subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord and polyneuropathy in the setting of recreational nitrous oxide use and autoimmune atrophic gastritis. Our case highlights clinical pearls for diagnosis and treatment, differential diagnosis, common concomitant aetiologies and the importance of screening for substance use disorder and psychiatric comorbidities.

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Laughter and humour for personal development: A systematic scoping review of the evidence

Gonot-Schoupinsky

Garip

Sheffield

2020

European Journal of Integrative Medicine

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Introduction: The accessibility of laughter and humour make them attractive choices for selfcare, and integrative medicine. There is a growing body of literature, but both fields are fragmented and the overall evidence has not been systematically reviewed. The relationship between health and personal development is increasingly recognized. This review scopes the evidence for laughter and humour interventions from the perspective of their potential benefits on personal development. Methods: A systematic scoping review used Joanna Briggs guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Scoping Review extension (PRISMA-ScR). Allpopulation laughter and humour interventions described in primary and secondary research from 1970, and in English, were searched in Web of Science and PubMed/Medline. Results: Analysis of 240 primary research articles (k), and 11 systematic reviews (K), identified k = 564 discrete articles with studies involving 574,611 participants (n). Twelve large studies (n >15,000) contributed 77% of participants. Classification analysis found more research relating to humour (k = 445, n = 334,996) than laughter (k = 119, n = 239,615) and identified diverse personal development outcomes associated with Biological, Psychological, Social, Environmental, and Behavioural (BPSE-B) factors. Conclusion:This review presents growing evidence for the diverse applications and benefits of laughter and humour. Multiple opportunities for self-care and interventional applications are described. The consideration of personal development outcomes may support tailored applications according to specific needs and objectives. An umbrella Personal Development Sensitivity: InternalTheory of laughter and humour, inclusive humour and laughter definitions, and a humourlaughter-affect model are proposed to unify the fields.

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Laughter isn’t always the best medicine

Abstract: Recreational use of nitrous oxide is an emerging public health problem

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Recreational nitrous oxide abuse causing B12 deficiency with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord: A case report

Recreational nitrous oxide abuse causing B12 deficiency with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord: A case report

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in a patient with nitrous oxide use and autoimmune atrophic gastritis

Laughter and humour for personal development: A systematic scoping review of the evidence

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