“…For this, we find inspiration in both historical Dutch water governance and contemporary experiments with the co-production of expertise. The co-dependence between the Dutch and water has historically resulted in innovative engineering and innovative governance, leading to a participatory and decentralized organization of human-water relations (Bijker, 2007;Brouwer, 2006;Kaijser, 2002). To connect such long-standing ideas of decentralized water responsibilities to more contemporary democratic innovations, we suggest that amphibious response-ability can be better achieved through collaborations between scientific, executive and local experts in the form of a local knowledge and management alliance (Landström et al, 2011;Lane et al, 2011;Waterton, 2017;Whatmore, 2013).…”