Layer-by-layer photonic crystal fabricated by low-temperature atomic layer deposition

Lee, Jae‐Hwang; Leung, Wai‐Yee; Ahn, Jeongmin; Lee, Tasho; Park, In Sung; Constant, Kristen P.; Ho, Kai‐Ming

doi:10.1063/1.2720752

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The highly ordered, uniform, and economical μLAs are fabricated by soft lithography imprinting of 2 μm-pitch square arrays, embossed on the blank side of a 1.1 mm thick indiumtin-oxide (ITO)-coated glass [11]. Thus, this technique does not interfere with the device fabrication process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of light is either reabsorbed by the materials or leaks out from the device edges where photon recapturing for useful emission has proven problematic. The use of microlens arrays (μLAs) is a notable approach to overcome the foregoing outcoupling limits [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, fabrication of such arrays is either not economical or the resulting outcoupling enhancement is reported to be < 80%, especially if the array is either confined to an area directly under the pixel [2][3][4][5]7] or that area under the pixel is excluded [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Soft holographic interference lithography microlens for enhanced organic light emitting diode light extraction

Park¹,

Gan²,

Leung³

et al. 2011

Opt. Express

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Very uniform 2 μm-pitch square microlens arrays (μLAs), embossed on the blank glass side of an indium-tinoxide (ITO)-coated 1.1 mm-thick glass, are used to enhance light extraction from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by ~100%, significantly higher than enhancements reported previously. The array design and size relative to the OLED pixel size appear to be responsible for this enhancement. The arrays are fabricated by very economical soft lithography imprinting of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold (itself obtained from a Ni master stamp that is generated from holographic interference lithography of a photoresist) on a UV-curable polyurethane drop placed on the glass. Green and blue OLEDs are then fabricated on the ITO to complete the device. When the μLA is ~15 × 15 mm 2 , i.e., much larger than the ~3 × 3 mm 2 OLED pixel, the electroluminescence (EL) in the forward direction is enhanced by ~100%. Similarly, a 19 × 25 mm 2 μLA enhances the EL extracted from a 3 × 3 array of 2 × 2 mm 2 OLED pixels by 96%. Simulations that include the effects of absorption in the organic and ITO layers are in accordance with the experimental results and indicate that a thinner 0.7 mm thick glass would yield a ~140% enhancement. Abstract: Very uniform 2 μm-pitch square microlens arrays (μLAs), embossed on the blank glass side of an indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated 1.1 mm-thick glass, are used to enhance light extraction from organic lightemitting diodes (OLEDs) by ~100%, significantly higher than enhancements reported previously. The array design and size relative to the OLED pixel size appear to be responsible for this enhancement. The arrays are fabricated by very economical soft lithography imprinting of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold (itself obtained from a Ni master stamp that is generated from holographic interference lithography of a photoresist) on a UV-curable polyurethane drop placed on the glass. Green and blue OLEDs are then fabricated on the ITO to complete the device. When the μLA is ~15 × 15 mm 2 , i.e., much larger than the ~3 × 3 mm 2 OLED pixel, the electroluminescence (EL) in the forward direction is enhanced by ~100%. Similarly, a 19 × 25 mm 2 μLA enhances the EL extracted from a 3 × 3 array of 2 × 2 mm 2 OLED pixels by 96%. Simulations that include the effects of absorption in the organic and ITO layers are in accordance with the experimental results and indicate that a thinner 0.7 mm thick glass would yield a ~140% enhancement. Keywords

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft holographic interference lithography microlens for enhanced organic light emitting diode light extraction

Park¹,

Gan²,

Leung³

et al. 2011

Opt. Express

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently, we have proposed the possibility that a semicrystalline woodpile PCs, in which no a large size of crystallite exists, would function as a perfect PC. 19 Here, we demonstrate soft-lithographical fabrication of the semicrystalline woodpile PC, and confirm that the semicrystalline PCs indeed exhibit optical performance approaching that of a perfect crystal for incoming light with incident angle ranging from the surface normal to 30°. As the semicrystalline PC can create a photonic band structure for perpendicularlyincoming light as well as well-defined short pathways through the PC to a substrate for charge/mass transport, we believe the fabrication method and the semicrystalline PCs can be valuable in meeting the requirements for applying conventional photonics to photochemistry, which is inherently difficult for one-dimensional and two-dimensional PCs.…”

Section: Semicrystalline Woodpile Photonic Crystals Without Complicatmentioning

confidence: 69%

Semicrystalline woodpile photonic crystals without complicated alignment via soft lithography

Lee

Kuang

Leung

et al. 2010

Applied Physics Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report the fabrication and characterization of woodpile photonic crystals with up to 12 layers through titania nanoparticle infiltration of a polymer template made by soft lithography. Because the complicated alignment in the conventional layer-by-layer fabrication associated with diamondlike symmetry is replaced by a simple 90° alignment, the fabricated photonic crystal has semicrystalline phase. However, the crystal performs similarly to a perfectly aligned crystal for the light propagation integrated from the surface normal to 30° at the main photonic band gap.

show abstract

“…Nonhydrolytic synthesis (sol-gel technique) is another method of fabrication that uses capping agents (Kajihara and Yao, 2000). There are other less common synthetic routes, such as solvothermal, oxidation (De Azevedo et al, 2006), hydrothermal (Sun et al, 2005;Xing et al, 2015), chemical vapor deposition (Lee et al, 2007), physical vapor deposition (Johnson and Walsh, 2011), electrodeposition, sonochemical, and microwave-assisted synthesis to fabricate TiO 2 NPs (Chen TH et al, 2008;Yallappa et al, 2013;Ali et al, 2015;Amiri et al, 2015;Helmbrecht et al, 2015). The techniques used for the hybridization of biomolecules to their surfaces have been examined and partially summarized in reports (Pieranski, 1983).…”

Section: Titanium Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid nanomaterial: biocolloidals

Gözübenli¹,

Yasun²,

Dilsiz³

2017

Turk J Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanomaterials-based diagnostics have tremendous advantages over other conventional diagnostic systems in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and portability owing to the unique intrinsic properties of nanomaterials. Thus, there is a substantial need to develop and employ a broad spectrum of nanomaterials for biological and diagnostic applications. In this review, we focus on nanomaterials-assisted disease diagnosis utilizing different techniques such as photoluminescence, colorimetry, fluorescence, electrochemistry, microarray methods, surface plasmon resonance, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. In these techniques, different nanomaterials, including but not limited to gold and silver materials, metal oxides, and semiconductors, were employed according to their all-purpose chemical and physical properties. As the new properties of nanomaterials are discovered, their contributions to nanobiotechnology applications are vastly increased. In this review, the features of the selected nanobiomaterials, biological tag-modified nanomaterials, and their outstanding applications for the detection of specific biotargets have been summarized according to the latest studies. Nanomaterials contribute to the fields of photo/chemotherapy and biomedical imaging in particular, since all the biological events happen within this size range and beneficiary roles of nanoparticles (NPs) are countless in biomedical applications due to their unique physical and chemical properties. However, due to the necessity of specificity and selectivity, there is a clear ambition to study bioconjugation of NPs to increase the efficiency of the targeted biological applications. Thus, the combination of the specificity and the intrinsic properties of biohybrid NPs facilitate diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

show abstract

Layer-by-layer photonic crystal fabricated by low-temperature atomic layer deposition

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Soft holographic interference lithography microlens for enhanced organic light emitting diode light extraction

Soft holographic interference lithography microlens for enhanced organic light emitting diode light extraction

Semicrystalline woodpile photonic crystals without complicated alignment via soft lithography

Hybrid nanomaterial: biocolloidals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About