Layered reduced graphene oxide with nanoscale interlayer gaps as a stable host for lithium metal anodes

Lin, Dingchang; Liu, Yayuan; Liang, Zheng; Lee, Hyun‐Wook; Sun, Jie; Wang, Haotian; Yan, Kai; Xie, Jin; Cui, Yi

doi:10.1038/nnano.2016.32

Cited by 1,662 publications

(999 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Molten lithium infusion was developed for pre‐storing lithium into the lithiophilic interlayer spacing of the sparked rGO. Such anode exhibited low dimension variation (≈20%) during cycling and good mechanical flexibility 53. To create a lithium composite nanostructured lithium metal anode, Cui's group has introduced a facile melt‐infusion approach to effectively encapsulate lithium inside a porous carbon scaffold with Si coated lithiophilic layer (Figure 3b).…”

Section: Conductive Micro/nanostructured Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Micro/Nanostructures for Lithium Metal Anodes

et al. 2017

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Owning to their very high theoretical capacity, lithium metal anodes are expected to fuel the extensive practical applications in portable electronics and electric vehicles. However, unstable solid electrolyte interphase and lithium dendrite growth during lithium plating/stripping induce poor safety, low Coulombic efficiency, and short span life of lithium metal batteries. Lately, varies of micro/nanostructured lithium metal anodes are proposed to address these issues in lithium metal batteries. With the unique surface, pore, and connecting structures of different nanomaterials, lithium plating/stripping processes have been regulated. Thus the electrochemical properties and lithium morphologies have been significantly improved. These micro/nanostructured lithium metal anodes shed new light on the future applications for lithium metal batteries.

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Section: Conductive Micro/nanostructured Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conductive Micro/nanostructured Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Micro/Nanostructures for Lithium Metal Anodes

et al. 2017

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“…Benefiting from the highly conductive surface area, stable electrolyte/electrode interface, and negligible volume fluctuation, the carbon framework encapsulated with Li (labeled as Li/C) can operate for more than 80 cycles under a high current rate of 3 mA cm −2 . Later, conductive rGO [339], Ni foam [340], and channel guided carbon [341] were also proposed as 3D lithiophilic scaffolds for lithium infusion due to the alloying reactions and lithiophilic surfaces. Recently, a nanoporous Li x Si-Li 2 O composite with high ionic conductivity was obtained via mixing over stoichiometric amounts of molten Li and submicrometer-sized SiO powder at high temperature [342].…”

Section: A 3d Lithium Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Design of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: From Fundamental Research to Practical Application

Yang

Adair

et al. 2018

Electrochem. Energ. Rev.

343

206

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Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been considered as one of the most promising energy storage devices that have the potential to deliver energy densities that supersede that of state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries. Due to their high theoretical energy density and cost-effectiveness, Li-S batteries have received great attention and have made great progress in the last few years. However, the insurmountable gap between fundamental research and practical application is still a major stumbling block that has hindered the commercialization of Li-S batteries. This review provides insight from an engineering point of view to discuss the reasonable structural design and parameters for the application of Li-S batteries. Firstly, a systematic analysis of various parameters (sulfur loading, electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratio, discharge capacity, discharge voltage, Li excess percentage, sulfur content, etc.) that influence the gravimetric energy density, volumetric energy density and cost is investigated. Through comparing and analyzing the statistical information collected from recent Li-S publications to find the shortcomings of Li-S technology, we supply potential strategies aimed at addressing the major issues that are still needed to be overcome. Finally, potential future directions and prospects in the engineering of Li-S batteries are discussed.

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“…A remarkable instance is Li infused into a high lithiophilicity, reduced graphene oxide film (rGO) with uniform nanogaps. [37] Through a "spark" reaction between the densely stacked GO film and molten Li, the rGO film with a uniform layered nanostructure consisted of expanding nanogaps was obtained (Figure 4b-d). Owning to the synergetic effects of the lithiophilic nature of sparked rGO and the capillary force produced by the nanogaps, Li is homogeneously infused into the interlayer spacing (Figure 4e).…”

Section: Graphene As LI Metal Hostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Porous Carbon Materials for High‐Efficient Lithium Metal Anodes

Xin

Yin

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

231

164

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choices for the next-generation energy storage devices because of their surpassed energy output. [3] However, the inherent defects of Li anode incur serious problems that restrict the utilization of rechargeable Li metal batteries. [4] First, an uneven plating/stripping of Li leads to the formation and growth of Li dendrites. The formed Li dendrites may puncture the separator and induce internal short circuit, bring severe safety concerns. Second, Li has a relatively high Fermi energy and thus easily reacts with the liquid electrolyte to form an unstable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the anode surface. The persistent reaction between Li metal and electrolyte consumes both of them, and results in a low Coulombic efficiency and rapid capacity fade of anode. Third, the plating of Li is actually a "hostless" process. Therefore, the relative change of volume for Li metal anode is virtually infinite, which may induce immense internal stress fluctuation of battery and account for seriously deteriorated performance.Great efforts have been devoted to addressing the above problems of Li anode. A number of works focus on optimizing the electrolyte components and additives to homogenize the Li + flux for plating and improve the stability and uniformity of the SEI on the anode surface. [5] However, the resultant SEI layer has been revealed not sufficiently sturdy to accommodate the morphological change of the Li anode surface, and can be broken down upon repeated Li plating/stripping. [6] Therefore, solid electrolytes and various mechanical barriers with high shear modulus have been explored to suppress dendrite formation. [7] Given the simple physical blocking function of the mechanical barrier, these strategies do not alter the fundamental chemical/ electrochemical properties of Li and thereby show a limited dendrite-proof effect. Furthermore, most solid electrolytes show low ionic conductivity and critical interfacial issues in their contacts with both electrodes. Recently, the development of a threedimensional (3D) porous current collector has been considered as a feasible route to prohibit the growth of Li dendrite. [8] The 3D interconnected architectures provide a large specific surface area, enabling low current density and uniform distribution of the positive charges, while the porous structure ensures ample space to accommodate Li, limiting the growth of Li dendrite and alleviating the huge volume change of Li metal during cycling. For example, 3D porous copper current collector consisting of a large number of protuberant tips has been regarded Metallic lithium is considered as a competitive anode candidate for rechargeable Li batteries due to its ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity of 3860 mA h g −1 . However, hurdles regarding the uneven Li deposition, unstable solid electrolyte interphase formation, and infinite change of relative dimensions challenge its practical application. Porous carbons (PCs), due to their high conductivity and stable electrochemistry, have been demonstrated feasible as ho...

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Layered reduced graphene oxide with nanoscale interlayer gaps as a stable host for lithium metal anodes

Cited by 1,662 publications

References 52 publications

Advanced Micro/Nanostructures for Lithium Metal Anodes

Advanced Micro/Nanostructures for Lithium Metal Anodes

Structural Design of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: From Fundamental Research to Practical Application

Advanced Porous Carbon Materials for High‐Efficient Lithium Metal Anodes

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