Layering transitions in colloidal crystals as observed by diffraction and direct-lattice imaging

Winkle, David H. Van; Murray, Cherry A.

doi:10.1103/physreva.34.562

Cited by 164 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…More detailed investigations since then disclosed that many intermediate phases exist, such as a buckling phase in between 1△ → 2□, a rhombic phase in between n□ → n△, and prismatic, hexagonal close packing (hcp)-like, hcp(100), hcp⊥, and pre-square phases in between n△ → ðn þ 1Þ□ [3,[5][6][7]. All these structures have been verified by computer simulations [8][9][10][11][12][13], and the consistency between experiments and simulations gives us confidence in our understanding of the nature of the transitions for hard spheres.Fewer intermediate phases are found for charged spheres, which interact via long-ranged electrostatic interactions, both with each other and with the walls [14][15][16][17]. Using colloids with κa ¼ 0.79 and 0.37 (where κ is the inverse Debye screening length characterizing the range of the repulsive interactions, and a is the particle radius) we found a phase sequence very similar to Ref.…”

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confidence: 52%

“…Fewer intermediate phases are found for charged spheres, which interact via long-ranged electrostatic interactions, both with each other and with the walls [14][15][16][17]. Using colloids with κa ¼ 0.79 and 0.37 (where κ is the inverse Debye screening length characterizing the range of the repulsive interactions, and a is the particle radius) we found a phase sequence very similar to Ref.…”

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confidence: 52%

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Confinement Induced Plastic Crystal-to-Crystal Transitions in Rodlike Particles with Long-Ranged Repulsion

et al. 2015

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Colloidal particles in geometrical confinement display a complex variety of packing structures different from their three-dimensional (3D) bulk counterpart. Here, we confined charged rodlike colloids with longranged repulsions to a thin wedge-shaped cell and show, by quantitative 3D confocal microscopy, that not only their positional but also their orientational order depends sensitively upon the slit width. Synchronized with transitions in lattice symmetry and number of layers confinement induces plastic crystal-to-crystal transitions. A model analysis suggests that this complex sequence of more or less rotationally ordered states originates from the subtle competition between the electrostatic repulsion of a rod with the wall and with its neighbors. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.078301 PACS numbers: 82.70.Dd, 64.75.Yz When a colloidal suspension is confined to a quasi-twodimensional geometry, many fascinating crystal structures appear due to the partial restriction of translational degrees of freedom in the third dimension [1][2][3]. In the case of particles interacting with a hard potential the structure greatly depends on their packing efficiency in the confined geometry. One of the first studies in this limit was performed by Pieranski et al., who used nearly hard spherical colloids confined in a wedge-shaped cell. At increasing slit width they found a sequence of transitions that can be represented as:where n denotes the number of crystal layers and △ and □ denote layers with hexagonal and square symmetry, respectively [4]. More detailed investigations since then disclosed that many intermediate phases exist, such as a buckling phase in between 1△ → 2□, a rhombic phase in between n□ → n△, and prismatic, hexagonal close packing (hcp)-like, hcp(100), hcp⊥, and pre-square phases in between n△ → ðn þ 1Þ□ [3,[5][6][7]. All these structures have been verified by computer simulations [8][9][10][11][12][13], and the consistency between experiments and simulations gives us confidence in our understanding of the nature of the transitions for hard spheres.Fewer intermediate phases are found for charged spheres, which interact via long-ranged electrostatic interactions, both with each other and with the walls [14][15][16][17]. Using colloids with κa ¼ 0.79 and 0.37 (where κ is the inverse Debye screening length characterizing the range of the repulsive interactions, and a is the particle radius) we found a phase sequence very similar to Ref. [16]: 1△ → 2□ → 2R → 2△ → 3□ → 3R → 3△ → 4□ → 4R → 4△ (R denotes a rhombic phase) [17]. These observations imply that long-ranged electrostatic interactions play an important additional role in the packing of charged particles.The packing behavior of shape anisotropic particles has also begun to be explored. For nearly hard dimer-shaped particles so-called "side" and "out-of-plane" structures were reported [18,19]. This leads to questions about the effect of confinement on particle orientational order in a system where this effect can be separated from packingdominated changes ...

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Confinement Induced Plastic Crystal-to-Crystal Transitions in Rodlike Particles with Long-Ranged Repulsion

et al. 2015

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“…Consequently, light microscopy has been used successfully for two-dimensional colloidal crystals, for example, between two smooth glass plates [22][23][24] or between glass and air. 25 For dilute dispersions of latex spheres in water, light microscopy has also been possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct observation of stacking disorder in a colloidal crystal

Verhaegh

Duijneveldt

Blaaderen

et al. 1995

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Colloidal crystals of rhodamine labeled silica spheres dispersed in chloroform have been studied with fluorescence confocal scanning laser microscopy. We report the first determination of the three-dimensional crystalline stacking in the bulk of a concentrated dispersion. The structure was found to consist of a random stacking of close-packed planes. The results are compared with light scattering experiments.

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“…Tennisbälle zum Beispiel kauft man übli-cherweise in stangenförmig angeordneten, so genannten wurstförmigen Packungen, Orangen werden auf den Obstmärkten häufig als dreidimensionale Gebilde angeordnet. Tatsächlich ist das ursprünglich von Kepler im Jahre 1611 formulierte Packungsproblem [1], [3,4]. Abbildung 3a zeigt eine REM-Aufnahme im Über-gangsbereich zwischen 4᭝ und 5ᮀ, auf der deutlich ein streifenförmiges Muster zu erkennen ist.…”

Section: Dichteste Kugelpackungenunclassified

Walter‐Schottky‐Preis: Physik mit kolloidalen Suspensionen: Kleine Kügelchen in Lösung eignen sich als maßgeschneiderte Modellsysteme

Bechinger

2000

Phys. Bl.

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Layering transitions in colloidal crystals as observed by diffraction and direct-lattice imaging

Cited by 164 publications

References 22 publications

Confinement Induced Plastic Crystal-to-Crystal Transitions in Rodlike Particles with Long-Ranged Repulsion

Confinement Induced Plastic Crystal-to-Crystal Transitions in Rodlike Particles with Long-Ranged Repulsion

Direct observation of stacking disorder in a colloidal crystal

Walter‐Schottky‐Preis: Physik mit kolloidalen Suspensionen: Kleine Kügelchen in Lösung eignen sich als maßgeschneiderte Modellsysteme

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