Le processus de révélation dans les agressions sexuelles intrafamiliales et extrafamiliales sur mineurs

Why do child sexual abuse victims not tell anyone about their abuse? An exploration of factors that prevent and promote disclosure

“…Additional results found no significant differences in disclosure rates in terms of number of perpetrators who abused the victim, number of abusive incidents, and relationship to the perpetrator. While there is limited literature regarding number of perpetrators or incidents as it relates to disclosure, there has been previous research indicating that victims with intrafamilial perpetrators are less likely to disclose than those with extrafamilial perpetrators (e.g., Dumont et al, 2014, Easton, 2013; Goodman‐Brown et al, 2013; Leclerc & Wortley, 2015; Schönbucher et al, 2012). In our sample, many of the extrafamilial cases involved perpetrators who, while not family members, were people with whom the victim likely had a close relationship (e.g., friends, ex‐partners), which may help to explain the lack of difference between these groups in our study.…”

“…Most participants identified their sexual abuse as having been committed by one perpetrator ( n = 56; 73.7%), although 13 (17.1%) reported victimization by two perpetrators, five (6.6%) by three perpetrators, and two (2.6%) by four or more different perpetrators. Participants who reported abuse by more than one perpetrator ( n = 20) were asked questions regarding each separate instance of CSA (i.e., single or repeated abuse committed by different perpetrators), given that disclosure may vary based on offense‐specific factors, such as relationship to the perpetrator (Dumont, Messerschmitt, Vila, Bohu, & Rey‐Salmon, 2014, Easton, 2013) and age at the time of the victimization (Alaggia et al, 2019; McElvaney, 2020). Indeed, for the 20 participants who reported being abused by more than one offender, seven (35%) informally disclosed at least one instance of abuse, but declined to disclose another.…”

Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016)

“…Families with rigidly fixed gender roles, patriarchal attitudes, power imbalances, other forms of child abuse and domestic violence, chaotic family structure, dysfunctional communication, and social isolation have been found to suppress disclosure ( Alaggia & Kirshenbaum, 2005 ; Collin-Vézina et al, 2015 ; Fontes & Plummer, 2010 ). In addition, relationship with perpetrator is a factor whereby research indicates that disclosure is made more difficult when the perpetrator is a family member or close to the family ( Dumont, Messerschmitt, Vila, Bohu, & Rey-Salmon, 2014 ; Easton, 2013 ; Goodman-Brown et al, 2003 ; Hershkowitz et al, 2005 ; Priebe & Svedin, 2008 ; Schönbucher et al, 2012 ). This is especially a barrier when the perpetrator lives with the victim ( LeClerc & Wortley, 2015 ).…”

“…Victims of intrafamilial abuse when the offender is a parent, caregiver, significant family member, or someone in a family-like role are less likely to disclose immediately or at all in childhood/adolescence because of obvious power differentials and dependency needs ( Collings et al, 2005 ; Dumont et al, 2014 ; Hershkowitz et al, 2005 ; Kogan, 2004 ; Leclerc & Wortley, 2015 ; Paine & Hansen, 2002 ; Schaeffer et al, 2011 ).…”

“…Males are somewhat less likely to disclose, but this is often in interaction with other factors in the environment such as societal attitudes that promote hypermasculinity as desirable, attitudes that perpetuate negative views of boys and men who are victims, and homophobic attitudes (Alaggia, 2010;Easton et al, 2014;Gagnier & Collin-Vézina, 2016). Victims of intrafamilial abuse when the offender is a parent, caregiver, significant family member, or someone in a familylike role are less likely to disclose immediately or at all in childhood/adolescence because of obvious power differentials and dependency needs (Collings et al, 2005;Dumont et al, 2014;Hershkowitz et al, 2005;Kogan, 2004;Leclerc & Wortley, 2015;Paine & Hansen, 2002;Schaeffer et al, 2011).…”