Lead levels determined in Swedish permanent teeth by particle-induced X-ray emission.

Møller, Birger R.; Carlsson, Lars-Eric; Johansson, Gerd; Malmqvist, Klas; Hammarström, Lars; Berlin, Maths

doi:10.5271/sjweh.2467

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A similar situation has been reported from Norway on the basis of an analysis of a fairly large sample of 2,233 teeth (6). In Sweden, Moller et a1 (13) found that the lead content of teeth was about 1 pprn higher in large cities than in rural areas, and they interpreted this result as reflecting different traffic densities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lead content of deciduous molar enamel in Finland, as measured by proton-induced X-ray emission.

Järvinen¹,

Anttila²,

Lappalainen³

et al. 1984

Scand J Work Environ Health

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(N = 120); the highest individual value measured was 10.0 pg/g. Judging from the lead content of the teeth, the general population in Finland does not yet seem to be exposed to detectably higher amounts of artificially occurring environmental lead, neither in urban nor in rural areas. It would seem that naturally occurring environmental lead still plays a decisive role in the integrated long-term exposure in Finland.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) was shown to be applicable to the analysis of heavy elements in enamel and dentine (1,13). We Teeth were collected from five different areas of Finland (table 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Lead content of deciduous molar enamel in Finland, as measured by proton-induced X-ray emission.

Järvinen¹,

Anttila²,

Lappalainen³

et al. 1984

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Inorganic Lead

Skerfving¹

1988

Biological Monitoring of Toxic Metals

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Dentin as a possible bio-epidemiological measure of exposure to mercury

Haller

Ölmez

Baratz

et al. 1993

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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The subtle human health effects from prolonged exposure to small amounts of mercury vapor are unknown. It has been difficult to study possible effects of low-dose exposure for lack of a good measure of long-term exposure. Current methods which use blood, urine, hair, and nails reliably measure only recent exposures. Long-term exposure to lead has been measured using levels found in human dentin. The purpose of this study was to determine whether mercury also accumulates in dentin. In this study, dentin from 16 human teeth, all without dental amalgam restorations, was analyzed by thermal neutron activation analysis. The teeth were selected from people with and without dental mercury amalgam restorations elsewhere in their dentitions. Mercury was found in amounts up to 5.9 ppm. While the highest mercury level was from a sample from someone who had dental amalgam restorations elsewhere in their dentition, the second highest was from someone who had no amalgam restorations. Also, a sample which was not used for any statistical comparisons but which was analyzed because the tooth contained an amalgam restoration had one of the lowest levels of mercury. These results, while inconclusive due to a small sample size, suggest that inorganic mercury vapor is a relatively small contributor to the overall body burden of mercury.

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Lead levels determined in Swedish permanent teeth by particle-induced X-ray emission.

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Lead content of deciduous molar enamel in Finland, as measured by proton-induced X-ray emission.

Lead content of deciduous molar enamel in Finland, as measured by proton-induced X-ray emission.

Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Inorganic Lead

Dentin as a possible bio-epidemiological measure of exposure to mercury

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