Leading by Example? European Union Implementation of Cultural Diversity in Internal and External Audiovisual Policies

Pauwels, Caroline; Loisen, Jan

doi:10.1080/13183222.2016.1162980

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It notably focuses on political action of UNESCO (Vlassis 2013;De Beukelaer 2014b;Alasuutari andKangas, 2020 2020), of UNCTAD (Isar 2008;De Beukelaer 2014a) and of languagedriven IOs, including the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie or the Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (Massart-Piérard 2007;Figueira 2018). A third part of this scientific research deals with the cultural diplomacy of regional organisations, as the EU (Pauwels and Loisen 2016;Carta and Higgott 2019) and Mercosur (Canedo 2013;Fernandes et al 2021). It also focuses on the relationships among regional organisations, the outcomes of their cooperation and the contribution of the EU to disseminate cultural norms to other regional entities, as Mercosur or CARIFORUM (Canedo and Crusafon 2014;Sarikakis and Ganter 2014;Vlassis 2016;Garner 2017).…”

Section: Global Cultural Governance and Intergovernmental Organizations: Towards An Actor-centred Constructivist Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperation among intergovernmental organizations in global cultural governance: Towards an actor-centered constructivist approach

Vlassis

2022

International Journal of Cultural Policy

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This article provides an empirical investigation of the cooperation among intergovernmental organisations (IOs) in global cultural governance. The existing scientific literature has not yet taken up the inter-organisational cooperation as a serious topic of research and the present contribution aims to fill this gap. Based on an actor-centred constructivism, the article seeks to address inter-organisational cooperation as an observable empirical phenomenon, to explore when and why the cooperation between IOs risks not lasting and to understand why the dynamics of inter-organisational cooperation in cultural affairs have a specific-time limit. The focus will be on two cases: the European Union-Mercosur audiovisual programme and the United Nations interagency group on creative industries. As such, the article is more concerned with analysing the political micro-foundations through which the cooperation among IOs takes place and with exploring the factors, which contribute to not establish sustainable cooperative arrangements.

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Section: Global Cultural Governance and Intergovernmental Organizations: Towards An Actor-centred Constructivist Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperation among intergovernmental organizations in global cultural governance: Towards an actor-centered constructivist approach

Vlassis

2022

International Journal of Cultural Policy

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“…In addition, a growing scientifi c literature focuses on the Convention on the Protection and Promotion for Diversity of Cultural Expressions, adopted by UNESCO in 2005, and on the critical role played by the EU in order to incorporate the concept of "cultural diversity" in its policy agenda ( Loisen & De Ville, 2011 ;Pauwels & Loisen, 2016 ;Vlassis, 2016aVlassis, , 2016b. This literature aims to understand why and how the EU adopted the concept of "cultural diversity" as a cornerstone of EU cultural policy in both its policy discourse and practice.…”

Section: Communication and Cultural Policy Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction

Vlassis¹

2022

The Routledge Handbook of European Integrations

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This introductory chapter examines the multidimensional and often fraught scholarly relationship between European integration and culture. The complexity of culture as an area of European studies and European integration has inspired a growing body of scholarly literature in various disciplines. This literature agrees (for example: Bennett, 2007 ;Calligaro & Vlassis, 2017a ;Miller & Yúdice, 2002 ) that it is di cult to defi ne the limits of culture. Being such a vast and polysemous category, culture is seen as both a driving and centrifugal force of European integration. In this scientifi c literature, culture refers to artistic and intellectual heritage from the past, as well as to contemporary cultural expressions created by artists or produced and distributed by cultural industries ( Calligaro & Vlassis, 2017a : 10). More broadly, in the anthropological sense, a widened conception of culture deals with all aspects of the symbolic life of a group, such as traditions, customs, values and a set of ways of life and of shared representations ( Yúdice, 2003 ). Culture thus refers to the symbolic meaning and collective ideas that originate from or express cultural identities ( UNESCO, 2005 ). Culture therefore has a dual nature, oscillating between symbolic and material spheres, raising a series of economic, social, and identity-based issues for those actors involved in European integration policies.The introductory chapter highlights how this multidisciplinary literature seeks to explore the links between culture, European integration and European governance. It argues that this literature emphasises a twofold process: the role and place of culture in the process of European integration and in the establishment of the European Union's legitimacy, as well as the impact of European integration on the emergence of a European culture and on the sustainability of national and local cultures in a context of supra-national and/or extra-European pressures. In fact, this process is illustrated by the EU's motto, 'United in Diversity', representing the ways in which culture fosters integration, cooperation and common destiny, while, at the same time, it highlights identity particularities and cultural specifi cities. This literature therefore o ers di erent insights depending on the defi nition of culture, its theoretical scope and its methodological tools. It can be distinguished in four main categories: communication and cultural policy studies, the political sociology approach, the ethnographic and interpretivist perspectives and the legal-institutionalist approach. Political sociology approachFrom a political sociology perspective, an important strand of scientifi c literature asks what "Europe" and "culture" mean for European governance, and it agrees that culture is one of the most complex and contested fi elds of European integration. It sheds light on the dynamics of negotiation on culture as a European integration issue between EU institutions and other

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“…That being said, it has been argued elsewhere (Pauwels and Loisen, 2016) that the EU's approach in mainstreaming cultural diversity in external relations was ambivalent, perhaps even hypocritical, paying lip service to cultural diversity in textual preambles, while its operationalisation and specification via concrete actions lagged far behind. This ambivalence is not new and also pertains to EU internal policies that are often announced to contribute to cultural diversity, while in effect being largely based on economic interests for which the European Commission has a clear mandatecontrary to cultural policy development which remains foremost the competence of Member States (Donders and Pauwels, 2008).…”

Section: Transfer Impact and Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Audiovisual policy transfer between Mercosur and the European Union has gone offtrack

Fernandes

Loisen

Donders

2021

International Communication Gazette

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This article analyses the Audiovisual Mercosur Program as a case of policy transfer between Mercosur and the European Union. A qualitative document analysis, expert interviews and the use of policy transfer theory and its constraints made possible the critical evaluation of the program and its impacts. By focusing on the constraints that led to an incomplete and uninformed transfer, we were able to identify an alignment between the underlying ideas of audiovisual policies in Mercosur and the European Union, but also inadequate governance within Mercosur, unbalanced interests between the two trade blocks, and a lack of policy learning. As a result, the transfer of European Union policies reproduced well-documented failures of the European Union's internal market policies relating to the audiovisual sector.

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Leading by Example? European Union Implementation of Cultural Diversity in Internal and External Audiovisual Policies

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Cooperation among intergovernmental organizations in global cultural governance: Towards an actor-centered constructivist approach

Cooperation among intergovernmental organizations in global cultural governance: Towards an actor-centered constructivist approach

Introduction

Audiovisual policy transfer between Mercosur and the European Union has gone offtrack

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