Leafy Vegetables as Potential Pathways to Heavy Metal Hazards

Anarado, Charity Ebere; Anarado, C. J. O.; Okeke, M. O.; Ezeh, C. E.; Umedum, Ngozi Lilian; Okafor, Peter C.

doi:10.4236/jacen.2019.81003

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…11−13 Such production systems greatly increase the exposure of leafy vegetables to heavy metals and emerging chemicals such as ENPs through irrigation, atmospheric fallouts or direct applications of nanoagrichemicals. 14,15 Co-exposure of leafy vegetables to ENPs and heavy metals affects plant growth and food safety through their mutual effects on plant uptake and accumulation of these chemicals. 16 Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are two ubiquitous carcinogenic contaminants.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies showed a significant role of leafy vegetables in the birth weight of newborns by comparing mothers who consumed leafy vegetable and those who did not. , Therefore, controlling the level of microelements in leafy vegetables is of high interest for food scientists and engineers. Production of leafy vegetables has advanced to a fast production track through the application of large urban hydroponic systems. − Such production systems greatly increase the exposure of leafy vegetables to heavy metals and emerging chemicals such as ENPs through irrigation, atmospheric fallouts or direct applications of nanoagrichemicals. , Co-exposure of leafy vegetables to ENPs and heavy metals affects plant growth and food safety through their mutual effects on plant uptake and accumulation of these chemicals …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Alleviated the Bioavailability of Cadmium and Lead and Changed the Uptake of Iron in Hydroponically Grown Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Longifolia)

Sharifan

Moore

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Leafy vegetables are a rich source of iron and fibers for the human diet, which may become hazardous if exposed to heavy metal contamination. Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are two highly toxic metals even at trace concentrations. Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) can alter the uptake of heavy metals and localization of essential minerals such as iron (Fe) through different mechanisms. The goal of this study was to understand the mutual effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and coexisting heavy metals Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ on their uptake and accumulation as well as their effects on Fe concentrations in romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Longifolia) in a hydroponic system. At termination, shoots were gently separated from the roots, and the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Fe, and Zn in all plant tissues were quantified by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In addition, microbial density analysis in the growth media was performed for each treatment. The results indicated active interactions between ZnONPs and coexisting divalent heavy metals. ZnONPs significantly reduced the accumulation of Cd and Pb in roots by 49% and 81%, respectively. In shoots, Cd was reduced by 30%, and Pb elevated by 44%. Fe concentration in shoots was strongly affected by ZnONPs, and the total Zn in shoots was negatively correspond with the microbial population in the growth media. Exposure to ZnONPs alone increased the total Fe in shoots by 80% compared to controls, and the copresence of ZnONPs and heavy metals increased Fe concentration by about 77%. The results revealed the role of ENPs in governing the uptake and translocation of some essential elements and toxic heavy metals in plants.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Alleviated the Bioavailability of Cadmium and Lead and Changed the Uptake of Iron in Hydroponically Grown Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Longifolia)

Sharifan

Moore

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…In most industrialized countries, excess consumption of salt has become recognized as a health risk [19], enrichment of crops with iodine would be able to address negative economic and health consequences of iodine deficiencies in humans. Vegetables have shown to have the potentials of absorbing both heavy metals [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and essential elements [28][29][30] from the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Fortification Study of Some Common Nigerian Vegetables Using Copper Complex

Anarado,

Okonkwo

et al. 2024

IRJPAC

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Iodine deficiency (ID) is the result of insufficient dietary iodine intake in humans, the deficiency not only leads to goiter formation but also to severe retardation of growth, development and maturation of nearly all the tissues of the body, especially those that are fast developing. The aim of this research is to evaluate levels of iodine intake by ten Nigerian vegetables using copper complex. Dry alkaline ash method was used in the determination. The results obtained showed that all the ten vegetables used absorbed high concentrations of iodine when inoculated with 0.09 M and 0.14 M [Cu(I)4]2- . Iodine phytotoxicity was observed in all the plants when inoculated with 0.2-0.8 M of the copper complex as all the plants died. Increase in the concentration of copper complex from 0.09-0.14 M increased the absorption of iodine by Amaranthus hybridus, Corchorous olitoruis, Gongronema lotifolium and Solanum melongena. The reverse was observed with Murraya koenigii, Ocimum gratissimum, Talinium triangulare, Abelmoschus esculentus, Cucurbita pepo and Telfairia occidentalis. Ocimum gratissimum absorbed the iodine at 0.09M with value of 164.79 mg/kg, the vegetable also absorbed least at 0.14 M with a dose of 61.80 mg/kg. The intake of the iodine by the plants showed that the method can be used in the fortifying these Nigerian vegetables with iodine, thereby reducing the incidence of Iodine deficiency disorder in humans.

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“…Acute Pb toxicity may cause the liver to malfunction, which can lead to illness and even death. Liver damage might result from excessive Cu uptake (Anarado et al, 2019). Chromium is a metal that penetrates the body through the lungs and is linked to liver damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Impact of Brick Kiln Emissions on the Liver of Brick Kiln Workers and Residents

2024

IJFMR

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Pakistan is the third-largest brick-producing nation in South Asia, behind China and India. In Pakistan, there are over 20,000 brick kilns and 1.8 million brick kiln employees, 50% of them are in Punjab. Brick kilns in rural Punjabi communities like district Narowal still use antiquated methods and are subject to bad laws, which has a negative impact on people's health. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Narowal district from January 2021 to January 2022 to examine the toxicological effects of brick kiln emissions on the liver. The participants were divided into three groups based on their demographic profiles in order to examine the relationship between appropriate liver function indices, such as ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin, and demographic factors like age, BMI, smoking index, and length of employment among exposed (residents and workers) and control groups. The outcome demonstrated that exposed workers and residents had mean ALT (p, 0.001), AST (p, 0.001), and ALP (p, 0.002) levels that were considerably higher than reference values. Bilirubin, a measure of the liver, remained negligible. Blood chemistry tests cannot establish the presence of liver disorders. Therefore, molecular-based follow-up investigations are required to assess the health concerns related to emissions from brick kilns.

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Leafy Vegetables as Potential Pathways to Heavy Metal Hazards

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Alleviated the Bioavailability of Cadmium and Lead and Changed the Uptake of Iron in Hydroponically Grown Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Longifolia)

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Alleviated the Bioavailability of Cadmium and Lead and Changed the Uptake of Iron in Hydroponically Grown Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Longifolia)

Iodine Fortification Study of Some Common Nigerian Vegetables Using Copper Complex

Toxicological Impact of Brick Kiln Emissions on the Liver of Brick Kiln Workers and Residents

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