Leak Detection and Location of Water Pipes Using Vibration Sensors and Modified ML Prefilter

Choi, Jeong‐Ja; Shin, Joon-Ho; Song, Choonggeun; Han, Sangyong; Park, Doo Il

doi:10.3390/s17092104

Cited by 61 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that the vibroacoustics technique can be adopted to locate the leakage in buried pipelines through measurements using acoustic/vibration sensors either installed along the pipeline or on the ground surface due to the dispersion and radiation characteristics of leakage signals [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Moreover, the principle of interior detection is based on leak noise propagation in a tube: a microphone is mounted within a sphere that runs with the water flowing in the pipe [15]; when the sphere moves to the vicinity of the leakage point, the acoustic signal collected by the sensor will increase rapidly, resulting in larger signal amplitude when the distance between them gets shorter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Image Fusion of Ground Surface Vibration for Mapping and Locating Underground Pipeline Leakage: An Experimental Investigation

Yan

Yuan

Gao

et al. 2020

Sensors

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This paper is concerned with imaging techniques for mapping and locating underground pipeline leakage. Ground surface vibrations induced by the propagating axisymmetric wave can be measured by an array of acoustic/vibration sensors, with the extraction of magnitude information used to determine the position of leak source. A method of connected graph traversal is incorporated into the vibroacoustic technique to obtain the spatial image with better accuracy compared to the conventional magnitude contour plot. Measurements are made on a dedicated cast iron water pipe by an array of seven triaxial geophones. The spectral characteristics of the propagation of leak noise signals from underground water pipes to the ground surface are reported. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that suspicious leakage areas can be readily identified by extracting and fusing the feature patterns at low frequencies where leak noise dominates. The results agree well with the real leakage position in the underground pipeline.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Image Fusion of Ground Surface Vibration for Mapping and Locating Underground Pipeline Leakage: An Experimental Investigation

Yan

Yuan

Gao

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…The amount of non-revenue water has been reported to be 15.2-35.1% of drinking water supply in United States (http://nepis.epa.gov/), 6.5-24.6% in Europe (http://www.ndew.de/), and 4.3-27.0% in Korea (http://me.go.kr/). These losses can be classified into unbilled public usage, apparent losses which include unauthorized consumption and metering inaccuracies, and real losses through overflows at storage tanks and burst leaks in distribution pipelines which were caused by bad connections, pipe corrosion, and physical damages (Choi et al, 2017). Therefore, early detection of leakage in water pipeline is of great importance to reduce water production costs and to protect the safety of public (Puust et al, 2010;Ishido and Takahashi, 2014;Martini et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among all the leak detection methods, the most popular approach for water leakage is to install acoustic/vibration sensors or pressure transducers (Choi et al, 2017). With the utilization of two sensors, the leak can be located by estimating the time difference through correlation of the signals received.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accuracy of the time difference estimation schemes based on spectral transform can be improved by the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and wavelet transform (Lay-Ekuakille et al, 2009;Ge et al, 2009), and the correlation-based leak detector has been verified via hardware implementation (Zhang et al, 2013). Based on vibration sensors and generalized cross-correlation techniques, a new method to detect and locate leakage in water pipes was proposed by Choi et al (2017). With the adoption of a modified maximumlikelihood (ML) prefilter with a regularization factor, this method outperforms the conventional techniques by the verification from field measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Analysis on Pipeline Leakage Characteristics for Incompressible Flow

Zeng¹,

Luo²

2019

JAFM

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Systematic Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations on incompressible water pipe flow with leakage were conducted in the present study. The aim is to provide the understanding of how different parameters, including the leakage pipe diameter, inlet mass flow rate, and main pipe length, affect the flow phenomena at the vicinity of the leakage location. The present CFD data show that the leakage pipe diameter has dominant effect on the leak mass quantity, pressure change at the vicinity of leak location, total pressure drop and pressure gradient along the main pipe. The effects of both inlet mass flow rate and the main pipe length on leak mass quantity are comparably important. Due to existence of the leakage pipe, larger velocity but lower pressure at upstream, and lower velocity but larger pressure at downstream occur at the vicinity of leakage, which causes adverse pressure at this region. The pressure change resulted from the adverse pressure increases approximately linear with the leak size ratio (ratio of leakage pipe diameter to main pipe diameter) when it is smaller than approximately 40%, at which the maximum pressure change at the leak location occurs. When the leak size ratio is smaller than approximately 5%, the pressure change at the leak location is seen to be approximately zero, implying negligible pressure difference at the two boundary points of leakage pipe. There is sudden change in the pressure gradient along the flow direction at the leak location, which results from a local pressure increase there. When farther away from the leakage, the magnitude of the maximum pressure gradient along the flow direction is reduced due to attenuation of leakage effect. The present study proves that CFD analysis could be an effective and less-costly way to investigate pipe flow with leakage, so as to provide scientific understanding of the physics on pipe flows with leakage.

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“…However, the limited pipe length coverage and higher cost are the limiting factors for the broad acceptance of this method. Relatively common method of leak detection is to sense the vibration or sound wave emanating from the leak location [3] [4]. However, these methods of leak detection are highly dependent on the 1 44685K13 part number from McMaster process parameters such as pipe diameter, material, medium and noise from the pump and traffic nearby [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Clamp-Type Microwave Sensor for Accidental Leak Detection from Pipe Joints

Karimi

Shamim

2019

2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)

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Leakages from pipelines are low-probability but high impact events for distributors of crude/refined oil as well as drinking water. Several techniques including geological surveys, fiber optics, acoustics, pressure drop analysis and mass imbalance are in use to detect the leakages. However, all the techniques have their own drawbacks such as low sensitivity, high false alarm rate and process parameter dependencies. Pipe joints, being the most prone to leakages, have been targeted in this paper for real-time leakage monitoring. Instead of relying on indirect indicators such as vibration and pressure drop, we are proposing a new kind of microwave leak detector which can easily be clamped on a joint. The sensor utilizes a uniquely designed stripline ring resonator to detect the change in dielectric properties (caused by leakage) of a 3D printed porous substrate which is sandwiched between the two ground planes of the stripline. Main sensing element has been realized by a combination of 3D and inkjet printing. While protective clamp-style cover has been fabricated using lathe machining, 3-axis milling and wire EDM which not only protects the sensor from environmental effects such as rain but also helps avoiding false alarms. The proposed system has been validated in EM simulations as well as in measurements, which confirm that the system can not only detect the leak event but also can estimate its intensity. The measured sensitivity is better than 0.3mL which is much higher than the existing methods.

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Leak Detection and Location of Water Pipes Using Vibration Sensors and Modified ML Prefilter

Cited by 61 publications

References 27 publications

On Image Fusion of Ground Surface Vibration for Mapping and Locating Underground Pipeline Leakage: An Experimental Investigation

On Image Fusion of Ground Surface Vibration for Mapping and Locating Underground Pipeline Leakage: An Experimental Investigation

Numerical Analysis on Pipeline Leakage Characteristics for Incompressible Flow

Smart Clamp-Type Microwave Sensor for Accidental Leak Detection from Pipe Joints

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