“…Although student human capital in the form of entrance exam scores, GPAs and analytical abilities has been known to have a positive effect on performance, other factors, such as student inputs in the form of lecture attendance and study time, influence students' academic results as well. The causal effect of study time on performance has been investigated by Stinebrickner and Stinebrickner (2008), Bonestrønning and Opstad (2012), and Andrietti and Velasco (2015), confirming that effort spent on studying is an important determinant of success. Similarly, Marburger (2001), Chen and Lin (2008), Cohn and Johnson (2006), Stanca (2006), and Dobkin, Gil, and Marion (2010) found that lecture attendance had a positive impact on exam scores.…”