Leg fat might be more protective than arm fat in relation to lipid profile

Sánchez‐López, Mairena; Ortega, Francisco B.; Martínez, Pablo Moya; López-Martínez, Sara; Galeano, Ignacio Ortiz; Gomez-Marcos, M.; Sjöstróm, Michael; Martínez‐Vizcaíno, Vicente

doi:10.1007/s00394-012-0350-4

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A study by McLaughlin et al () confirmed that thigh fat behaves as a potential protective factor, as the odds ratios for thigh fat to predict insulin resistance was 0.59, after adjustment of gender and BMI (McLaughlin et al, ). Similar findings were observed in college students, with leg (but not arm) fat linked to reduction of cardiovascular risk factors ( P < 0.05) (Sanchez‐Lopez et al, ). In comparison, Hoyer et al () found that neither mid‐thigh circumference or subcutaneous thigh adipose tissue depot was related to risk of type 2 diabetes diagnosis among Japanese Americans; the odds ratios for both were only 0.9 (Hoyer et al, ) ( P > 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Efficacy of thigh volume ratios assessed via stereovision body imaging as a predictor of visceral adipose tissue measured by magnetic resonance imaging

Lee

Freeland‐Graves

Pepper

et al. 2015

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives The research examined the efficacy of regional volumes of thigh ratios assessed by stereovision body imaging (SBI) as a predictor of visceral adipose tissue measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Body measurements obtained via SBI also were utilized to explore disparities of body size and shape in men and women. Method 121 participants were measured for total/regional body volumes and ratios via SBI and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue areas by MRI. Results Thigh to torso and thigh to abdomen-hip volume ratios were the most reliable parameters to predict the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue depots compared to other body measurements. Thigh volume in relation to torso [odds ratios (OR) 0.44] and abdomen-hip (OR 0.41) volumes were negatively associated with increased risks of greater visceral adipose tissue depots, even after controlling for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). Irrespective of BMI classification, men exhibited greater total body (80.95L vs. 72.41L), torso (39.26L vs. 34.13L), and abdomen-hip (29.01L vs. 25.85L) volumes than women. Women had higher thigh volumes (4.93L vs. 3.99L) and lower-body volume ratios [thigh to total body (0.07 vs. 0.05), thigh to torso (0.15 vs. 0.11), and thigh to abdomen-hip (0.20 vs. 0.15); p<0.05]. Conclusions The unique parameters of the volumes of thigh in relation to torso and abdomen-hip, by SBI were highly effective in predicting visceral adipose tissue deposition. The SBI provided an efficient method for determining body size and shape in men and women via total and regional body volumes and ratios.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Efficacy of thigh volume ratios assessed via stereovision body imaging as a predictor of visceral adipose tissue measured by magnetic resonance imaging

Lee

Freeland‐Graves

Pepper

et al. 2015

American J Hum Biol

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“…A few previous studies have examined the independent effects of arm vs leg FM on cardiometabolic risk, but the results have been contradictory 11,50. Although arm FM is regarded as ‘peripheral fat mass’, this is from the upper body and therefore may not exhibit the same protective effects as leg FM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between body fat distribution, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia in black and white South African women

Keswell

Tootla

Goedecke

2016

CVJA

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SummaryAimThe aim was to examine differences in body fat distribution between premenopausal black and white South African (SA) women and explore the ethnic-specific associations with cardiometabolic risk.MethodsBody composition, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computerised tomography, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and lipid levels were assessed in 288 black and 197 white premenopausal SA women.Results:Compared to the white women, black women had less central and more peripheral (lower-body) fat, and lower serum lipid and glucose concentrations, but similar homeostasis models for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values. The associations between body fat distribution and HOMA-IR, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were similar, while the associations with fasting glucose, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels differed between black and white women.Conclusion:Ethnic differences in body fat distribution are associated, in part, with differences in cardiometabolic risk between black and white SA women.

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“…[24][25][26] Furthermore, individuals with less abdominal fat have better metabolic profiles than individuals with comparable BMIs but more abdominal fat. 23,27 Our adolescents who were fit did not demonstrate significant differences in lean body mass between weight groups, yet those with OW/OB exhibited more central adiposity, as measured by both a feasible clinical measure (WC) and a gold standard measure (DXA trunk fat mass) than the adolescents who were normal weight. Furthermore, higher WC and trunk fat mass were positively associated with MSSS and negatively associated with physical fitness in these adolescents across the weight spectrum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Does Weight Status Impact Metabolic Health in Adolescents When Controlling for Physical Fitness?

Stolzman

Skelton

Harkins

et al. 2019

Pediatric Physical Therapy

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Purpose:To determines whether adolescents who are fit with overweight/obesity are similar in their metabolic profile to adolescents who are fit and normal weight. Methods:Adolescents participated in 3 sessions: (1) resting vitals and anthropometrics; (2) maximal aerobic treadmill test (V̇O 2max ) to determine physical fitness; and (3) dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and fasting laboratory draw for analysis of insulin, glucose, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein. Results:Of the 30 fit adolescents who are normal weight and 16 adolescents who are fit and overweight/obese (OW/OB), metabolic syndrome was apparent in 1 adolescent who are normal weight and 4 adolescents who are OW/OB. Metabolic syndrome severity was positively associated with body mass index, waist circumference, total body fat, insulin resistance, and C-reactive protein but inversely associated with peak relative, but not lean V̇O 2max . Conclusions:Despite good physical fitness, adolescents who are OW/OB demonstrated greater metabolic syndrome than adolescents who are normal weight. Future intervention research is necessary to explore the relation between physical fitness and metabolic syndrome.Additional body composition measurements were completed using total body DXA scans via the Lunar GE Prodigy (GE, Madison, Wisconsin) bone densitometer. Scans were analyzed using Lunar GE Prodigy pediatric software to quantify total body fat (%), total lean mass, and trunk fat mass. Total body fat z scores for age and sex were determined via pediatric body composition reference charts. Tanner Staging Each adolescent completed a Tanner Staging questionnaire to self-report pubertal stage (Stage I [prepubertal], Stages II-IV [peripubertal], and Stage V [full maturity]). Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CRP, C-reactive protein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; NS, nonsignificant.

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Leg fat might be more protective than arm fat in relation to lipid profile

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Efficacy of thigh volume ratios assessed via stereovision body imaging as a predictor of visceral adipose tissue measured by magnetic resonance imaging

Efficacy of thigh volume ratios assessed via stereovision body imaging as a predictor of visceral adipose tissue measured by magnetic resonance imaging

Associations between body fat distribution, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia in black and white South African women

Does Weight Status Impact Metabolic Health in Adolescents When Controlling for Physical Fitness?

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