Legal Harvesting, Sustainable Sourcing and Cascaded Use of Wood for Bioenergy: Their Coverage through Existing Certification Frameworks for Sustainable Forest Management

Sikkema, R.; Junginger, Martin; Dam, J. van; Stegeman, Gerben; Durrant, D.; Faaij, André

doi:10.3390/f5092163

Cited by 42 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Therefore, the waste hierarchy elements -prevention and preparing for reuse, recycling, recovery, and disposal -are also included as criteria. Another argument for including the waste hierarchy elements is because the cascading principle is already included in the waste hierarchy to some extent when it refers to prioritizing the reuse of waste materials [28,29]. The 3Rs as well as the waste hierarchy elements are defined in Table 2 according to the European Union descriptions [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cascading Utilization of Wood: a Matter of Circular Economy?

Mair

Stern

2017

Curr Forestry Rep

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Purpose of Review The aim of this study was to analyze the differences and similarities between the concepts circular economy (CE) and cascading utilization (CU) and the interactions between these concepts. The method chosen for this study was a qualitative content analysis, which was conducted on academic CU publications that appeared between 1990 and 2016. To identify connections between CU and CE, the findings of this study are compared to the results of a recent review on CE. Recent Findings From the perspective of the broader goals of CE and CU, both concepts promise to increase resource efficiency by supporting the multiple use of a resource. Research conducted on both concepts has included analyses of the environmental impacts of the CU or CE systems and descriptions of frameworks and tools used to develop cascade chains or measure the circularity of a given resource. Even though the concepts have many similarities, the research has mostly been conducted independently, and the number of connections between the two concepts is surprisingly low. Summary In general, the results of the analysis supported the hypothesis that CU and CE have many parallels and similarities. The CU concept addresses primarily resource management whereas CE provides a more holistic approach. Practically, the publications on CE include considerations of many kinds of resources, whereas publications on CU include a stronger focus on bio-based materials. Despite these differences, CU was shown to clearly fit into the CE concept in that it provides a specific focus on the utilization possibilities (e.g., reuse, recycling, and up-cycling) of a given resource. The term CU may be used whenever one or more of these measures are used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cascading Utilization of Wood: a Matter of Circular Economy?

Mair

Stern

2017

Curr Forestry Rep

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“…In a recent comparison of existing SFM certification schemes with the UK Category A and B evidence requirements, Sikkema et al (2014a) showed that many schemes already comply with most (but not all) requirements (Table 8.6). The GHG emission savings calculations, required by the UK Category A and B evidence requirements, are not adequately addressed by many pre-existing SFM certification schemes.…”

Section: The United Kingdommentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities for International Trade in Forest Biomass

Lamers¹,

Mai-Moulin²,

Junginger³

2016

Mobilisation of Forest Bioenergy in the Boreal and Temperate Biomes

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“…All developed their own verification system for sustainable biomass, like, for example, the Green Gold Label developed by Essent [3]. Other major energy utilities headquartered or operating in the Baltic Sea Region like E.ON [53], DONG Energy [48], FORTUM [54] and Vattenfall [55] endorsed own biomass procurement principles, guidelines and policies.…”

Section: Sustainable Biomass Procurement Policies Of Energy Utilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Article 194 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) 3 contains four objectives of European energy policy. Hence, Union policy on energy shall aim, in a spirit of solidarity between Member States, to:…”

Section: Eu Policy Framework Addressing Sustainability Of Bioenergymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growing demand for bioenergy has raised serious concerns about negative long term effects of removing forest residues for soil fertility, soil organic carbon, water quality and habitat. Increased harvesting and removal of forest residues and stumps for bioenergy are expected to have a greater impact on soil, water and habitat than conventional forest practices [3]. The production of dedicated energy crops can also lead to negative developments like, for instance, increased GHG emissions or biodiversity losses through fertilizer use or conversion of forest and carbon rich land into arable land.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Addressing Sustainability Risks of Bioenergy—Policy Strategies and Corporate Initiatives

Krug¹,

Rabczuk²,

Cenian³

2015

EPE

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This paper focuses on the sustainable use of solid and gaseous biomass for electricity, heating and cooling. It provides updated findings of policy analyses and corporate strategy analyses performed in the frame of BIOENERGY PROMOTION, one of the flagship projects under the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region. In particular, the paper highlights policies and measures which have been adopted by the EU and EU Member States to address environmental and social sustainability risks of bioenergy. Taking into account the conclusions of BIOENERGY PROMOTION, the paper identifies promising policy developments, but also shortcomings. On the Member State level, the paper refers to the examples of Germany and Poland. It illustrates how problematic policy priorities and policy malfunctioning in two sub-sectors (biogas from energy crops in Germany, biomass co-firing in Poland) led to undesirable environmental and social developments and how policies have been re-adjusted to mitigate sustainability risks. The paper also portrays a number of voluntary corporate sustainability initiatives which emerged due to the lack of a binding European sustainability framework for solid and gaseous biomass. The authors conclude that without a binding sustainability framework at EU level there is a risk of having a patchwork of potentially diverging sustainability regimes and initiatives across Europe causing market intransparency and insecurity for investors.

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Legal Harvesting, Sustainable Sourcing and Cascaded Use of Wood for Bioenergy: Their Coverage through Existing Certification Frameworks for Sustainable Forest Management

Cited by 42 publications

References 38 publications

Cascading Utilization of Wood: a Matter of Circular Economy?

Cascading Utilization of Wood: a Matter of Circular Economy?

Challenges and Opportunities for International Trade in Forest Biomass

Addressing Sustainability Risks of Bioenergy—Policy Strategies and Corporate Initiatives

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