Among a remarkably large number of various extensions of polynomials and numbers, and diverse introductions of new polynomials and numbers, in this paper, we choose to introduce two new generalizations of some extended Bernoulli polynomials and numbers by using the Mittag–Leffler function and the confluent hypergeometric function. Then, we investigate certain properties and formulas of these newly introduced polynomials and numbers such as explicit representations, addition formulas, integral formulas, differential formulas, inequalities, and inequalities involving their integrals. Also, by using the theory of umbral calculus, five additional formulas regarding these new polynomials are provided. Furthermore, we propose to introduce four generalizations of the extended Euler and Genocchi polynomials. Finally, three natural problems are poised.