Leishmaniasis acquired in Belgium

Cohen, Carlos

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)90129-d

Cited by 42 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Kala-azar transmitted by blood transfusion has already been described in individuals from nonendemic areas of the United Kingdom, Belgium, France, and India, either the presence 1 or absence of a history of foreign travel. [2][3][4][5] The finding of congenital transmission of kala-azar has confirmed the blood-borne characteristic of the disease. 6 The fucose-mannose ligand (FML) is a surface glycoprotein and a species-specific antigen of L. donovani.…”

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confidence: 84%

“…Human cases of transfusion-transmitted kala-azar have already been detected in France, Belgium, and India. 1,3,5 All of them corresponded to patients that received blood units from donors resident in areas endemic for kala-azar. Since the donors were considered acceptable by blood bank screening, they were subclinical asymptomatic patients by the time of donation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Short report: occurrence of Leishmania donovani DNA in donated blood from seroreactive Brazilian blood donors.

Otero¹,

Silva²,

Luz³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Human visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) transmitted by blood transfusion has been described in previous reports. Seroprevalence of antibodies to Leishmania donovani was shown to be related to prior blood transfusions in multiply transfused hemodialysis patients in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. In this study, a possible correlation between seroreactivity and the presence of L. donovani DNA was investigated in asymptomatic healthy blood donors. Sera were tested using the fucose mannose ligand (FML) ELISA, which was shown to have a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 96-100%, reliability, and diagnostic and prognostic potential for the detection of human and canine kala-azar, respectively. Leishmanial DNA was assessed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and dotblot hybridization techniques in blood and bone marrow samples. Among 21 FML-seroreactive asymptomatic blood donors, 5 (24%) were positive by the PCR and 9 (43%) were positive in a dot-blot assay of blood samples, showing a significant correlation ( 2 ϭ 14.24, P Ͻ 0.01). No Leishmania DNA was detected in 20 FML non-reactive blood donors. Our results point to the need for control of transmission of kala-azar by blood transfusion in areas endemic for this disease.

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confidence: 84%

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confidence: 99%

Short report: occurrence of Leishmania donovani DNA in donated blood from seroreactive Brazilian blood donors.

Otero¹,

Silva²,

Luz³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Cases of transfusion transmitted leishmaniasis have been reported from different VL-endemic areas of the world including France, Belgium, Brazil and India (Cohen et al 1991;Mauny et al 1993;Cummins et al 1995;Singh et al1996). The majority of these infected recipients were patients who received whole blood from donors from the area where VL is endemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transmission of Leishmania through transfusion has been reported from different VL-endemic areas of the world (Cohen et al 1991;Mauny et al 1993;Cummins et al 1995;Singh et al1996). Many of frequent recipients of transfusion are patients undergoing treatment for malignancy, recipients of transplants, infants, and patients on steroid.…”

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confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Leishmania infection among the healthy blood donors in kala-azar endemic areas of Iran

et al. 2013

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a serious health problem in Iran. The disease is mainly transmitted by sand fly bites, but its transmission through transfusion in endemic areas may also occur. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of Leishmania infection among blood donors in VL-endemic areas in south of Iran. A total of 2003 healthy blood donors from blood service centers in five VL-endemic districts in Fars province, southern Iran, were enrolled in the study. The blood samples were assessed for antibodies against Leishmania infantum by direct agglutination test (DAT). Seropositive subjects were tested for the presence of L. infantum DNA in their buffy coat by the molecular method. Socio-demographic features of the subjects were also documented during sample collecting. The mean age of participants was 36.3 (SD = 10.7 years). Male constituted 94.7 % of the subjects while only 5.3 % of donors were female. Twenty-eight blood donors (1.4 %) were positive for Leishmania infection by DAT. Only one of these seropositive donors was positive for Leishmania infection by polymerase chain reaction. A significant correlation was found between age, the place of residence and seropositivity to Leishmania (P \ 0.05). Findings of this study revealed that the prevalence of Leishmania infection among blood donors in transfusion centers in the VL-endemic areas in Iran is relatively high. These asymptomatic blood donors may constitute a risk of transmitting of VL to susceptible recipients.

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“…Leishmania infection is transmitted to humans and to other mammals by the bite of an infected sand fly vector [4]. The infection can rarely be transmitted by other means such as blood transfusions [5], needle sharing [6], or from mother to child during pregnancy [7]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that leishmaniasis is one of the most neglected diseases, with 350 million people considered at risk of contracting the disease, a burden of about 12 million people currently infected in 98 countries, and two million new cases estimated to occur annually [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmaniasis: A Review on Parasite, Vector and Reservoir Host

Alemayehu¹,

Alemayehu²

2017

Health Sci J

129

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Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease affecting millions of people worldwide. The disease is caused by different species of Leishmania, and it is manifested by three major clinical forms namely cutaneous, muco-cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. This review is aimed to address briefly the parasite, the vector and the reservoir aspects in transmission of leishmaniasis in different regions of the world. The complexity of transmission of the disease lays on the complex life cycle of the parasite which involves sand fly vectors and mammalian reservoirs. The transmission can either be zoonotic and/or anthroponotic through the bite of an infected female sand fly. There is uneven global distribution of the disease often because of the various distribution patterns of the parasite, the vector and the reservoir host species. Various sand fly species in the genus Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia are responsible for transmission of leishmaniasis in the old and new worlds. Animal reservoirs are important for maintaining infections in various areas, and hence are important for zoonotic and rural/sylvatic transmission of the disease. A high prevalence of infection has been reported from small to large domestic and wild mammals. Control and elimination of leishmaniasis require detection of human and animal cases, identification of reservoir hosts, and implementation of effective vector control strategies in areas.

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Leishmaniasis acquired in Belgium

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Short report: occurrence of Leishmania donovani DNA in donated blood from seroreactive Brazilian blood donors.

Short report: occurrence of Leishmania donovani DNA in donated blood from seroreactive Brazilian blood donors.

Seroprevalence of Leishmania infection among the healthy blood donors in kala-azar endemic areas of Iran

Leishmaniasis: A Review on Parasite, Vector and Reservoir Host

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