Leishmaniasis in Bahia, Brazil: Evidence that Leishmania amazonensis Produces a Wide Spectrum of Clinical Disease

Barral, Aldina; Badaró, Roberto; Carvalho, Edgar M.; Barral‐Netto, Manoel; Jesus, Amélia Ribeiro de; Johnson, Warren D.; Momen, Hooman; Almeida, Roque Pacheco de; McMahon-Pratt, Diane; Pedral-Sampaio, Diana; Grimaldi, Gabriel

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1991.44.536

Cited by 318 publications

(227 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, in contrast to experimental L. major infections in which host genetics control susceptibility, these studies demonstrate that the lack of IL-12 responsiveness may be dictated by the pathogen, rather than the host. Indeed, human L. amazonensis infection can be associated with several forms of chronic leishmaniasis (59). Our results suggest that the ability to promote a protective immune response in patients with chronic disease may sometimes be difficult, due to a parasite-mediated IL-12 nonresponsiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

IL-4-Independent Inhibition of IL-12 Responsiveness DuringLeishmania amazonensisInfection

Jones

Buxbaum

Scott

2000

The Journal of Immunology

124

139

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Leishmania amazonensis induces a nonhealing infection in C3H mice, whereas infection with Leishmania major is self-healing. We found that C3H mice infected with L. amazonensis exhibited decreased IL-12 production, which could account for the susceptibility to this organism. However, exogenous IL-12 administration failed to induce a healing immune response. The failure of L. amazonensis-infected C3H mice to respond to IL-12 was associated with a specific defect in IL-12 receptor β2 (IL-12Rβ2) mRNA expression by CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, decreased IL-12Rβ2 mRNA expression correlated with a decrease in the IL-12-signaling capacity of the lymph node (LN) cells. IL-4 did not contribute to susceptibility or down-regulation of the IL-12Rβ2 subunit, because IL-4−/− mice remained susceptible to L. amazonensis infection, even after IL-12 administration, and CD4+ cells from infected IL-4−/− mice also had reduced expression of IL-12Rβ2 mRNA. These results demonstrate that regulation of the IL-12 receptor, independent of IL-4, is a point of control for the immune response to leishmaniasis. In contrast to experimental L. major infections, where host genetics control susceptibility, these studies demonstrate that the lack of IL-12 responsiveness may be dictated by the pathogen, rather than the host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

IL-4-Independent Inhibition of IL-12 Responsiveness DuringLeishmania amazonensisInfection

Jones

Buxbaum

Scott

2000

The Journal of Immunology

124

139

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“…Foram detectadas amastigotas de Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis na medula óssea 4 . Outro estudo mostrou que de 46 casos de leishmaniose visceral, 11 tiveram como agente causal a Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis 5 . Outros trabalhos mostraram resultados semelhantes que detectaram Leishmania (Leishmania) braziliensis na medula óssea 13 e Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis em linfonodo 1 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Primeira descrição epidemiológica da leishmaniose visceral em Campo Grande, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul

Botelho

Natal

2009

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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A leishmaniose visceral é uma doença emergente e negligenciada 31 que apresenta ampla distribuição em países de clima tropical e subtropical 2 12 . Estima-se que anualmente ocorram cerca de 500 mil casos novos da doença. Brasil, Bangladesh, Índia e Sudão contribuem com 90% dos casos 31 . O agente etiológico da leishmaniose visceral no Brasil é o protozoário Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi 8 que é transmitido ao homem por meio da picada de flebotomíneos fêmeas da espécie Lutzomyia longipalpis 2 29 . O protozoário provoca uma doença crônica e sistêmica com intenso parasitismo das células do sistema fagocítico mononuclear 3 . Baço, fígado e medula óssea são particularmente acometidos e a forma clássica da doença é Children up to nine years of age accounted for 40% of the cases. Males accounted for 64% of the cases and females, 36%. The death rate ranged from 5 to 11%, with a mean of 8%. Among the 44 deaths, 33 (75%) were male cases and 11 (25%) were female cases. Although elderly people accounted for 9% of the cases, mortality among them reached 39%. There were 27 cases of Leishmania /HIV coinfection (5%), with a mortality rate of 15%, mostly among men aged 20 to 49 years. A process of disease endemization with a high rate of incidence was observed. Key

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“…In fact, many of these parasites are capable of producing in the human host a variety of clinical manifestations rather than a localized skin disease. For instance, a proportion of clinical infections leading to nasal metastasis is most associated with L. (Viannia) braziliensis (Grimaldi et al 1987), but cases of this mutilating mucosal granulomata have also been reported as being associated with L. (V.) panamensis (Saraiva et al 1985), L. (V.) guyanensis (Santrich et al 1990), and L. (L.) amazonensis (Barral et al 1991). Consequently, parasite identification is important for the diagnosis of the disease, and for the evolution of therapy and prognosis.…”

Section: Epidemiological and Clinical Features Of Leishmania (Vianniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and clinical features of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Falqueto¹,

Sessa²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2003

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Leishmaniasis in Bahia, Brazil: Evidence that Leishmania amazonensis Produces a Wide Spectrum of Clinical Disease

Cited by 318 publications

References 0 publications

IL-4-Independent Inhibition of IL-12 Responsiveness DuringLeishmania amazonensisInfection

IL-4-Independent Inhibition of IL-12 Responsiveness DuringLeishmania amazonensisInfection

Primeira descrição epidemiológica da leishmaniose visceral em Campo Grande, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul

Epidemiological and clinical features of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

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