The taxonomy of two morphologically similar stenoendemic species from Tamil Nadu, namely Lepidagathis barberi Gamble and L. pungens Nees, is discussed here based on a thorough taxonomic revision. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, photographic plates comprising of fresh photographs and micrographs taken through light and scanning electronic microscopes, taxonomic key, distribution map and IUCN conservation status are provided for both the species. Lectotype for the name L. pungens is also designated here.