Lepton and quark internal quantum numbers

Elbaz, E.; Meyer, Jutta; Nahabetian, R.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.23.1170

Cited by 60 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Oliver et al (1997) confirmed the strong evolution seen in IRAS surveys with deep counts at 6.7 and 15 mm in the Hubble deep field. Counts at 15 mm well in excess of no-evolution expectations were also reported by Elbaz et al (1999). Serjeant et al (2000;Paper II) found the evolving high-z population dominates over the local counts at S15 , 10 mJyX…”

Section: Comparison With Other Infrared and Submillimetre Surveyssupporting

confidence: 66%

The European Large Area ISO Survey -- III. 90- m extragalactic source counts

Efstathiou

Oliver

Rowan-Robinson

et al. 2000

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We present results and source counts at 90 μm extracted from the preliminary analysis of the European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS). The survey covered about 12 deg2 of the sky in four main areas and was carried out with the ISOPHOT instrument onboard the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The survey is at least an order of magnitude deeper than the IRAS 100‐μm survey and is expected to provide constraints on the formation and evolution of galaxies. The majority of the detected sources are associated with galaxies on optical images. In some cases the optical associations are interacting pairs or small groups of galaxies, suggesting that the sample may include a significant fraction of luminous infrared galaxies. The source counts extracted from a reliable subset of the detected sources are in agreement with strongly evolving models of the starburst galaxy population.

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Section: Comparison With Other Infrared and Submillimetre Surveyssupporting

confidence: 66%

The European Large Area ISO Survey -- III. 90- m extragalactic source counts

Efstathiou

Oliver

Rowan-Robinson

et al. 2000

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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“…5. In the upper two plots data are from Elbaz et al (1999) and Gruppioni et al (2002). In the lowest plot, the integral 15 µm counts are compared with data by La Franca et al (2004) and La Franca et al (in preparation), that have evaluated the source counts due to Type 1 and 2 AGN by means of optical and X-ray identifications of the 15-µm sources.…”

Section: The Contribution Of Agn and Of Their Host Galaxies To The Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting the cosmic infrared background to the X-ray background

Silva

Maiolino

Granato

2004

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

143

254

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We estimate the contribution of AGNs and of their host galaxies to the infrared background. We use the luminosity function and evolution of AGNs recently determined by the hard X-ray surveys, and new Spectral Energy Distributions connecting the X-ray and the infrared emission, divided in intervals of absorption. These two ingredients allow us to determine the contribution of AGNs to the infrared background by using mostly observed quantities, with only minor assumptions. We obtain that AGN emission contributes little to the infrared background ($<$5% over most of the infrared bands), implying that the latter is dominated by star formation. However, AGN host galaxies may contribute significantly to the infrared background, and more specifically 10--20% in the 1--20$\mu$m range and $\sim$5% at $\lambda<60\mu m$. We also give the contribution of AGNs and of their host galaxies to the source number counts in various infrared bands, focusing on those which will be observed with Spitzer. We also report a significant discrepancy between the expected contribution of AGN hosts to the submm background and bright submm number counts with the observational constraints. We discuss the causes and implications of this discrepancy and the possible effects on the Spitzer far-IR bands.Comment: to appear in MNRAS, replaced with accepted version, paper shortened, results unchange

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“…The current results of deep mid-IR surveys with ISO are summarized by Elbaz et al (1999; but see also Serjeant et al 1997;Clements et al 1999;Oliver et al 2000;Serjeant et al 2000). Substantial evolution in the number counts, beyond no-evolution extrapolations from the local population, has been found (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The ISO satellite (Kessler et al 1996) has vastly increased our observational capabilities in the mid-and far-infrared (mid-and far-IR), and has ushered in a new series of deep cosmological surveys at these wavelengths (e.g. Oliver et al 2000;Elbaz et al 1999;Kawara et al 1998;Puget et al 1999;Clements et al 1999). In the mid-IR these surveys reach flux limits more than 100 times fainter than our previous best surveys with IRAS (Hacking, Houck & Condon 1987), whilst also attaining substantially improved spatial resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The milliJansky 12- m population: first follow-up

Clements

Franceschini

2001

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We present the first results of our follow‐up programme of optical imaging and spectroscopy of a deep 12‐μm survey conducted with the ISO satellite. We find that the objects are typically of fairly low redshift (z∼0.1–0.2), but with a tail that extends to high redshifts. The highest redshift object is a previously unknown quasar at z=1.2. The sample of objects for which spectroscopy has been obtained forms a complete subsample of the original survey with an R‐band magnitude limit of 19.6. We are thus able to use accessible volume methods to determine the luminosity function. We find that the luminosity function is close to the low‐redshift 12‐μm luminosity function determined by IRAS, but with a possible excess at the highest luminosities, which also correspond to the highest redshifts. This excess is compatible with the rapid luminosity evolution of L ∝ (1+z)4.5 claimed by Xu and suggested by Elbaz et al. on the basis of number counts. These conclusions remain tentative because of small number statistics at the highest redshifts. Almost all of the galaxies in this survey are emission line objects. We use the spectra to determine emission line diagnostics for the underlying ionization source. We find that the majority of objects have H ii region‐like spectra (roughly 2/3) but there is a significant fraction (about 1/3) that contain an active galactic nucleus (AGN). This confirms suspicions that deep mid‐IR surveys will be a powerful way to find obscured AGN. Part of the survey area has been imaged deeply by the INT Wide Field Camera. Nearly all 12‐μm sources in this area, down to the 3σ sensitivity limit of the original ISO survey, have good optical identifications, the faintest being at R=23. The prospects are thus good for obtaining complete spectroscopy for this sample. With such data we should be able to make a clear measurement of the evolution rate of this population and determine the role of obscured AGN in the mid‐infrared.

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Lepton and quark internal quantum numbers

Cited by 60 publications

References 13 publications

The European Large Area ISO Survey -- III. 90- m extragalactic source counts

The European Large Area ISO Survey -- III. 90- m extragalactic source counts

Connecting the cosmic infrared background to the X-ray background

The milliJansky 12- m population: first follow-up

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