“…Having a child in a planned lesbian family often directly involves healthcare services or welfare institutions, such as fertility clinics, maternal health care or adoption agencies. Accordingly, a great number of studies regard lesbians' encounters with such institutions (Brown et al, 2009;Cherguit, Burns, Pettle, & Tasker, 2013;Dahl, Fylkesnes, Sørlie & Malterud, 2013;Dahl Spidsberg, 2007;Goldberg, Weber, Moyer & Shapiro, 2014;Hayman et al, 2013;;Kinkler & Goldberg, 2011;McManus, Hunter & Renn, 2006;Mallon, 2011;Peel, 2010;Ross et al 2008Ross et al , 2009Ryan & Withlock, 2007;Shields et al, 2012;Wilton & Kaufmann, 2001). These studies generally highlight discrimination and prejudices, labelled as heteronormativity, heterosexism or homophobia, depending on the researcher's epistemological and theoretical background.…”