Lesões maxilofaciais: um levantamento de 762 casos da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Brasil

Abstract

ResumoIntrodução: A pesquisa epidemiológica de lesões maxilofaciais em determinada região estabelece as necessidades populacionais e orienta os profissionais da saúde na definição de ações preventivas e tratamento adequado. Objetivo: Analisar os laudos histopatológicos de lesões maxilofaciais do período de 1996 a 2011 do Laboratório de Patologia Oral do Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Brasil. Material e método: Estudo retrospectivo das biópsias realizadas de 1996 a 2011, recuperando-se os dados referentes ao gênero e à idade dos pacientes, à localização das lesões e ao diagnóstico histopatológico. As lesões foram agrupadas em: neoplasias benignas, lesões potencialmente malignas, neoplasias malignas, lesões inflamatórias, lesões odontogênicas, lesões ósseas, lesões de glândulas salivares e anomalias de desenvolvimento. Resultado: Foram analisados 762 laudos, havendo maior prevalência das lesões inflamatórias (n=205, 26,9%). O diagnóstico mais comum entre as neoplasias benignas foi a lesão periférica de células gigantes (n=15); entre as lesões potencialmente malignas, foi a displasia epitelial (n=80), e entre as neoplasias malignas, foi o carcinoma de células escamosas (n=29). Dentre as lesões inflamatórias, a lesão mais prevalente foi a hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (n=74). O granuloma periapical (n=62) foi a lesão mais comum dentre as lesões odontogênicas. A lesão mais prevalente dentre as lesões ósseas foi o fibroma ossificante central (n=08); entre as lesões de glândulas salivares, foi o fenômeno de retenção de muco (n=64), e entre as anomalias de desenvolvimento, foi a mácula melanocítica (n=04). Conclusão: Os achados deste levantamento salientam a importância de planos de tratamento e medidas educativas que diminuam e previnam a exposição dos pacientes a fatores de risco.Descritores: Prevalência; patologia bucal; histologia. AbstractIntroduction: Epidemiological survey of maxillofacial lesions in a specific geographic region establishes the real needs of this population and guides health professionals in defining preventive actions and appropriate treatment. Objective: To analyze the histopathological diagnosis of maxillofacial lesions issued in the period 1996-2011 managed by the Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, Brazil. Material and method: A retrospective study of biopsies removed from 1996-2011 was conducted, recovering data related to gender and age of the patients, location of the lesions and histopathological diagnosis. The lesions were grouped into eight diagnostic categories: benign neoplasms, potentially malignant lesions, malignant neoplasms, inflammatory lesions, odontogenic lesions, bone lesions, salivary gland lesions and malformations and developmental anomalies. Result: 762 reports were analyzed, with a higher prevalence of inflammatory lesions (n = 205, 26.9 %). The most common diagnosis among benign neoplasms was the peripheral giant cell granuloma (n=15), among potentially malignant lesions was the...

Epidemiological study of lesions associated with mandibular and maxillary bones diagnosed by a brazilian reference center over 11 years

“…In the present study, the most prevalent cases were female patients with lesions in the posterior region of the mandible. A higher frequency of females and mandibular involvement in patients with bone -related lesions of the jaws were also described by Souto et al 6 and Jaafari and Akbari. 1 This agreement can be justified not specifically due to it affecting more women, but possibly due to women being more aware of their health needs and possible alterations than men.…”

“…In this study, it was 45,23 years. Souto et al, 6 in a survey of 762 cases of maxillofacial lesions, had a patients' mean age of 34 years. On the other hand, Jaafari and Akbari 1 had an average age of 28 years.…”

“…However, most of the studies available focus only on some groups of orofacial lesions, such as oral cancer and potentially malignant lesions, culminating in a lack of studies on intra -osseous lesions, particularly bone -related lesions. 6 Unquestionably, epidemiological studies have significant relevance in understanding better the lesions that may occur in the stomatognathic system and the profile of the affected population. Therefore, this article intended to contribute to the literature on bone -related lesions that may affect the jaws.…”

Occurrence of oral neoplasms and dysplastic lesions: retrospective study of a pathology service over a 19-years period

“…The present study analyzed 3,068 histopathology reports, among which 16.9% represented oral neoplasms. In the study by Trevisan et al 5 that was conducted over a 12-year period, 21.4% of the 707 histopathology reports of lesions submitted for biopsy were of oral neoplasms and 19% of the 762 cases analyzed in the 16-year retrospective study conducted by Souto et al 4 included benign and malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity. Thus, it is observed that neoplasms represent a significant portion of the total lesions that affect the oral and maxillofacial complex and, therefore, an epidemiological study evaluating the occurrence of such lesions is of great importance so that the dentist can make a decision about the best therapeutic option, as well as about possible preventive measures 2 .…”

“…Several epidemiological studies that consider case series of neoplasms and dysplastic lesions have been conducted in Brazil. Studies of this nature enable the identification of the user profiles of the service in question and, indirectly, recommendation of the possible strategic actions to be implemented for dealing with the oral condition of a given population [3][4][5] .…”