Lethal pneumonia in guineapigs associated with a virus

Naumann, Susanne; Kunstýr, I; Langer, Ina; Maeß, J.; Hörning, R.

doi:10.1258/002367781780893740

Cited by 23 publications

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“…Although a variety of viral diseases do occur in the guinea pig, there has been only one previous report of cavian respiratory disease associated with what was believed to be an adenovirus [6] and none reported in the U.S. We report here two cases of pneumonia associated with a virus morphologically similar to adenovirus.Two adult, female Hartley Crl:(HA/BR) guinea pigs being used in anthrax vaccine trials showed clinical signs of hunched posture, weight loss, rough hair coat, rapid labored breathing, and a catarrhal exudate around the external nares and on the front feet. Guinea pig 1 had received five injections of an experimental anthrax vaccine at two-day intervals, while guinea pig 2, as part of the control group, had received five saline injections at the same intervals.…”

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confidence: 71%

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confidence: 71%

“…One report of an epizootic of respiratory disease in guinea pigs, thought to be due to adenovirus, was reported outside the U.S. [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Naturally Occurring Virus-associated Respiratory Disease in Two Guinea Pigs

Brennecke¹,

Dreier²,

Stokes³

1983

Vet Pathol

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Respiratory disease is a common cause of morbidity in the guinea pig, and is chiefly of bacterial origin [6, 71. Although a variety of viral diseases do occur in the guinea pig, there has been only one previous report of cavian respiratory disease associated with what was believed to be an adenovirus [6] and none reported in the U.S. We report here two cases of pneumonia associated with a virus morphologically similar to adenovirus.Two adult, female Hartley Crl:(HA/BR) guinea pigs being used in anthrax vaccine trials showed clinical signs of hunched posture, weight loss, rough hair coat, rapid labored breathing, and a catarrhal exudate around the external nares and on the front feet. Guinea pig 1 had received five injections of an experimental anthrax vaccine at two-day intervals, while guinea pig 2, as part of the control group, had received five saline injections at the same intervals. Of the other 1 18 guinea pigs in the experiment, three had died prior to this small outbreak but were not submitted for histological examination.Guinea pig 1 died six days after the fifth injection. Guinea pig 2 was moribund and was killed the same day. Gross necropsy findings were similar for both guinea pigs. A catarrhal exudate was found throughout the entire upper respiratory tract and formed a brown crust around the external nares. All lung lobes remained partially distended with well-delineated, variably-sized reddish foci. The left caudel lobe of guinea pig 1 was markedly reddened over much of the lobe. No other significant gross lesions were noted. Aerobic bacterial cultures of lung, liver, and middle ears had no growth. No pathogenic species were isolated from bacterial cultures of proximal tracheal and pharyngeal swabs.The lungs were perfused via the trachea with 10% buffered formalin and then immersed with other samples of all organs in the same fixative. Organ sections were embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 6 Fm, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE).Several I-mm' pieces of lung containing bronchioles were selected under a dissecting microscope, post-fixed in 1% OsO, in phosphate buffer, dehydrated in an ethanol series, and embedded in epon. Sections were cut and stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. and examined on an electron microscope at 80 kV.Histologic examination revealed that bronchial and bronchiolar lumens were occluded with necrotic debris and sloughed epithelial cells ( fig. la, Ih). While the majority of bronchioles had no viable epithelium remaining (fig. la), others had intact or hyperplastic epithelial cells ( fig. Ih). Both sloughed and intact epithelial cells had large basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies: the sloughed cells were more prominent. The peribronchiolar stroma was infiltrated densely with lymphocytes, macrophages, and occasionally neutrophils. The lung parenchyma contained foci of alveolar septa1 thickening due to proliferating lining cells and infiltration of macrophages, lymphocytes, and a few neutrophils. Numerous small to extensive areas of congestion could be seen...

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Naturally Occurring Virus-associated Respiratory Disease in Two Guinea Pigs

Brennecke¹,

Dreier²,

Stokes³

1983

Vet Pathol

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“…I). Under natural conditions the disease was evident only in compromised animals used for such related studies as tuberculosis diagnosis (Naumann, Kunstyf, Langer, Maess & Horning, 1981 (Figs 4 and 5), the resistance to ether, along with the observations on the course of the disease, the pathological and ultrastructural changes in the lungs (Naumann, Kunstyr, Langer, Maess & Horning, 1981;Kaup, Naumann, Kunstyf & Drommer, in preparation), and the difficulties of in vitro cultivation we assume that the aetiological agent is an adenovirus as described by Andrews, Pereira & Wildy (1978).…”

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Adenovirus pneumonia in guineapigs: an experimental reproduction of the disease

Kunstýr

Maeß²,

Naumann

et al. 1984

Lab Anim

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The recently described virus-induced pneumonia in guineapigs (Naumann et al., 1981) was experimentally reproducible in newborn animals, though not in preadult animals. Baby hamsters and newborn rats were also not susceptible to infection. 10 of 11 infected newborn guineapigs developed pathological changes identical with those found in spontaneous cases. The incubation period was from 5 to 10 days. The agent could not be cultivated in vitro, and therefore no applicable serological tests could be established. The morphology of the virus, its intranuclear location, the course of the disease and the histopathological and ultra-structural changes strongly suggest that the virus is an adenovirus specific for guineapigs. The virus did not cross-react with human or fowl adenoviruses. It was ether resistant and non-oncogenic in baby rats and hamsters. During a 5-year period we registered a total of 51 spontaneous death cases diagnosed as adenovirus pneumonia in our experimental guineapigs, 4 from own breeding colony.

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“…Adenovirus-induced respiratory disease with low morbidity and high mortality has been documented in guinea pigs [20][21][22][23][24]. Clinical signs range from those of pneumonia, including dyspnea, tachypnea, nasal discharge, rough hair coat, weight loss, and a hunched posture to acute death with no clinical signs.…”

Section: Respiratory Disease In Guinea Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small mammal virology

Kashuba

Hsu

Krogstad

et al. 2005

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice

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Most viral infections in small mammals are transient and rarely produce clinical signs. When clinical signs do appear, they are often of a multifactorial etiology such as respiratory infection with Sendai virus and the bacteria M. pulmonis in rodents. Diagnosis is generally made based on clinical signs, while therapy involves treatment for concurrent bacterial infections and supportive care. Small mammals may carry zoonotic viruses such as LCMV, but natural infections are uncommon. Viral diseases are rare (or largely unknown) for hedgehogs, chinchillas, and prairie dogs, while no known naturally occurring, clinically relevant viral diseases exist for gerbils and sugar gliders. This article is intended to aid the clinician in identifying viral infections in small mammals and to help determine the significance each virus has during clinical disease.

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Lethal pneumonia in guineapigs associated with a virus

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

Naturally Occurring Virus-associated Respiratory Disease in Two Guinea Pigs

Naturally Occurring Virus-associated Respiratory Disease in Two Guinea Pigs

Adenovirus pneumonia in guineapigs: an experimental reproduction of the disease

Small mammal virology

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