Letter: Metoclopramide and breast-feeding.

Sousa, P L

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5956.512-b

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…44,45 Nonetheless, milk yield can be increased or decreased by prolactin-stimulating or prolactinsuppressive drugs. [46][47][48] Early weaning may also be related to low fat concentrations in milk from smoking mothers, 37,38 exacerbating the energy deficit induced by low milk volumes and leading to supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal smoking and the risk of early weaning: a meta-analysis

Horta

Kramer²,

Platt³

2001

Am J Public Health

129

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Objectives. This study reviewed evidence on the effect of maternal smoking on early weaning.Methods. The following databases and journals were searched: Medline, Scientific Citation Index, Pediatrics, Journal of Pediatrics, New England Journal of Medicine, and Lancet. Analysis was restricted to studies in which infants who had never been breastfed were excluded or the prevalence of breastfeeding initiation was more than 90%.Results. In smoking vs nonsmoking mothers, the random effects odds ratio for weaning before 3 months was 1.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.55, 2.40). An adjusted odds ratio of 1.50 (95% CI=1.34, 1.68) was shown in studies that had lost-to-follow-up rates below 15% and included adequate adjustment for confounding.Conclusions. Maternal smoking increases the risk of early weaning. (Am J Public Health. 2001;91:304-307) Breastfeeding reduces mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases, especially in developing countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal smoking and the risk of early weaning: a meta-analysis

Horta

Kramer²,

Platt³

2001

Am J Public Health

129

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“…of Action: Metoclopramide antagonizes the release of dopamine in the central nervous system (CNS), thereby, increases PRL levels (4,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Efficacy of Galactogogues: Substances that Induce, Maintain and Increase Breast Milk Production

Zuppa¹,

Sindico²,

Orchi³

et al. 2010

J Pharm Pharm Sci

167

168

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Poor production of breast milk is the most frequent cause of breast lactation failure. Often, physician prescribe medications or other substances to solve this problem. The use of galactogogues should be limited to those situations in which reduced milk production from treatable causes has been excluded. One of the most frequent indication for the use of galactogogues is the diminution of milk production in mothers using indirect lactation, particularly in the case of preterm birth. The objective of this review is to analyze to the literature relating to the principal drugs used as galactogogues (metoclopramide, domperidone, chlorpromazine, sulpiride, oxytocin, growth hormone, thyrotrophin releasing hormone, medroxyprogesterone). Have been also analyzed galactogogues based on herbs and other natural substances (fenugreek, galega and milk thistle). We have evaluated their mechanism of action, transfer to maternal milk, effectiveness and potential side effects for mother and infant, suggested doses for galactogogic effect, and recommendation for breastfeeding.

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“…Thus, stimulation of hypothalamic DA synthesis leads to decreased secretion of PRL from pituitary lactotrophs, whereas blockade of DA receptors results in en hanced release of PRL and stimulation of lactogenesis [16]. This mechanism is clini cally relevant since treatment with DA an tagonists can initiate lactation [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, methoclopramide has been reported to effectively in crease lactation in nursing mothers [9], Several studies on the hormonal control of lactogenesis have used mammary tissue from pregnant animals, in which the lobulealveolar mammary system is fully developed [review in ref . 10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Long-Term Treatment of the Rat with Clebopride on the Morphology of the Mammary Gland

Lima

Morato²,

Loch³

et al. 1990

Pharmacology

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The substituted benzamides or orthopramides are used to treat gastrointestinal and psychotic disorders. The orthopramide clebopride, a potent dopaminergic antagonist, blocks emesis in dogs and stereotyped behavior in rodents. Since the release of prolactin is inhibited by dopamine, antidopaminergic drugs may be useful to increase lactation in nursing mothers. The present work examines the morphological and histological alterations produced by long-term treatment of puerperal and virgin female rats with clebopride. Clebopride induced significant hyperplasia of parenchymal secretory units and stimulated milk secretion in both groups of rats. However, only in virgin rats was mammary weight significantly increased.

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Letter: Metoclopramide and breast-feeding.

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Maternal smoking and the risk of early weaning: a meta-analysis

Maternal smoking and the risk of early weaning: a meta-analysis

Safety and Efficacy of Galactogogues: Substances that Induce, Maintain and Increase Breast Milk Production

Influence of Long-Term Treatment of the Rat with Clebopride on the Morphology of the Mammary Gland

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