Leucine kinetics are different during feeding with whole protein or oligopeptides

Collin-Vidal, C.; Cayol, M.; Obled, Christiane; Ziegler, F.; Bommelaer, Gilles; Beaufrère, B.

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1994.267.6.e907

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…2 A. Plasma insulin levels similarly increased after both meals. The values were, at 0, 40, and 300 min, 6 Fig. 2B.…”

Section: Fig 3 (A)mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…On the other hand, little is known about whether postprandial protein kinetics are affected by the speed of absorption of dietary amino acids; the latter is very variable, depending on gastric and intestinal motility, luminal digestion, and finally mucosal absorption. This lack of data is due to the fact that postprandial amino acid kinetics have been studied almost exclusively during continuous feeding, obtained either by a nasogastric infusion or by small repeated meals (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Measurements are done 2-4 h after initiation of feeding, once isotopic and substrate steady-state is achieved.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion

Boirie‌

Dangin

Gachon

et al. 1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,225

999

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The speed of absorption of dietary amino acids by the gut varies according to the type of ingested dietary protein. This could affect postprandial protein synthesis, breakdown, and deposition. To test this hypothesis, two intrinsically 13 C-leucine-labeled milk proteins, casein (CAS) and whey protein (WP), of different physicochemical properties were ingested as one single meal by healthy adults. Postprandial whole body leucine kinetics were assessed by using a dual tracer methodology. WP induced a dramatic but short increase of plasma amino acids. CAS induced a prolonged plateau of moderate hyperaminoacidemia, probably because of a slow gastric emptying. Whole body protein breakdown was inhibited by 34% after CAS ingestion but not after WP ingestion. Postprandial protein synthesis was stimulated by 68% with the WP meal and to a lesser extent (؉31%) with the CAS meal. Postprandial whole body leucine oxidation over 7 h was lower with CAS (272 ؎ 91 mol⅐kg ؊1 ) than with WP (373 ؎ 56 mol⅐kg ؊1 ). Leucine intake was identical in both meals (380 mol⅐kg ؊1 ). Therefore, net leucine balance over the 7 h after the meal was more positive with CAS than with WP (P < 0.05, WP vs. CAS). In conclusion, the speed of protein digestion and amino acid absorption from the gut has a major effect on whole body protein anabolism after one single meal. By analogy with carbohydrate metabolism, slow and fast proteins modulate the postprandial metabolic response, a concept to be applied to wasting situations.

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“…2 A. Plasma insulin levels similarly increased after both meals. The values were, at 0, 40, and 300 min, 6 Fig. 2B.…”

Section: Fig 3 (A)mentioning

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion

Boirie‌

Dangin

Gachon

et al. 1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,225

999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rate of gastric emptying and gastric distension, delay in nutrient±receptor contact in the small intestine, levels of circulating nutrients, insulin, glucagon and cholecystokinin, and oxidation of macronutrients are known to be related to satiety (Stubbs, 1995;Read et al, 1994;Koopmans et al, 1991;Holt & Miller, 1995;Geary, 1990;Peikin, 1989). Varying the quality of dietary protein may affect some of the intermediate physiological processes: digestion, gastric emptying and the composition of intestinal ef¯uents (Mahe Â et al, 1996;Baglieri et al, 1995), rate of amino acid absorption and digestion (Re Ârat, 1993;Collin-Vidal et al, 1994), plasma and brain amino acid concentrations and pattern (Anderson et al, 1994;Uhe et al,1992), and insulin and glucagon releases (Nutall & Gannon, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varying the protein source in mixed meal modifies glucose, insulin and glucagon kinetics in healthy men, has weak effects on subjective satiety and fails to affect food intake

et al. 1999

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Objective: To evaluate the in¯uence of three dietary protein types (casein, gelatin, soy protein) on satiety and food intake, at two levels of loading (total energy of test meals: 3.6 or 1.8 MJ). Design: The study employed a repeated measures design. Test meals were controlled for energy, macronutrients, ®ber and palatability, and contained about 23% energy as protein (of which about 65% was experimentally manipulated). Postprandial subjective satiety and hunger, plasma glucose, insulin and glucagon were assessed for 8 h, and energy and macronutrient intakes were monitored for 24 h. Subjects: Nine healthy normal-weight men. Results: No effect of the type of protein on 24 h energy and macronutrient intakes was observed despite a signi®cant effect of protein source on the kinetics of peripheral metabolic responses (but only after 3.6 MJ lunches), and inconsistent effects on subjective hunger and satiety responses A casein-enriched lunch delayed glucose and insulin responses for 1.5 h, compared with soy protein, probably due to a lag in gastric emptying. Conclusion: Varying the protein source in a mixed meal modi®es glucose, insulin and glucagon kinetics in healthy men, but these variations in satiety-implicated factors have inconsistent effects on subjective satiety and fail to affect food intake.

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“…Little information is available about the effects of carbohydrate or carbohydrate ϩ protein supplementation on protein metabolism during exercise. The available literature indicates that ingestion of carbohydrate ϩ protein in the postexercise recovery phase improves net protein balance (12,22), at least after resistance exercise (2,3,24,28,29). Ingestion of such a substrate mixture during exercise could possibly also affect protein balance during and after prolonged endurance exercise.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined ingestion of protein and carbohydrate improves protein balance during ultra-endurance exercise

Koopman¹,

Pannemans²,

Jeukendrup³

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

125

107

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makers. Combined ingestion of protein and carbohydrate improves protein balance during ultra-endurance exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 287: E712-E720, 2004. First published May 27, 2004 10.1152/ajpendo.00543.2003.-The aims of this study were to compare different tracer methods to assess whole body protein turnover during 6 h of prolonged endurance exercise when carbohydrate was ingested throughout the exercise period and to investigate whether addition of protein can improve protein balance. Eight endurancetrained athletes were studied on two different occasions at rest (4 h), during 6 h of exercise at 50% of maximal O2 uptake (in sequential order: 2.5 h of cycling, 1 h of running, and 2.5 h of cycling), and during subsequent recovery (4 h). ]phenylalanine, and [ 15 N2]urea, respectively, were used as tracers. Addition of protein to the carbohydrate drinks resulted in a positive or less-negative protein balance (Ϫ32 Ϯ 16.3, 165 Ϯ 4.6, and 151]phenylalanine, and [ 15 N2]urea, respectively, were used as tracers. We conclude that, even during 6 h of exhaustive exercise in trained athletes using carbohydrate supplements, net protein oxidation does not increase compared with the resting state and/or postexercise recovery. Combined ingestion of protein and carbohydrate improves net protein balance at rest as well as during exercise and postexercise recovery. protein metabolism; dietary supplements; protein intake IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, skeletal muscle protein was thought to be the main fuel used to generate energy for muscle contractions (33). However, controlled nitrogen balance studies invalidated the proposed hypothesis, inasmuch as they showed no substantial increase in nitrogen loss during and/or after prolonged exercise (9, 14). Since then, various methods have been applied to investigate the effects of exercise on protein metabolism. This has resulted in many discrepant findings in the literature, which are due in part to differences in the methodology employed and in part to the conditions under which different exercise interventions have been performed.Since the introduction of stable isotope tracers in metabolic research, various methods have been applied to study whole body protein metabolism. Most studies have used plasma L-[1-13 C]leucine kinetics as a model for whole body protein metabolism. Whereas several studies have reported increases in whole body protein degradation during exercise (23,25,39,40), others have failed to observe such changes (6,26). Wolfe et al. (39) measured the rate of appearance of 13 CO 2 in the expired breath from infused 13 C-labeled leucine and reported a threefold increase in leucine oxidation rates during exercise. The latter was shown to occur in the absence of a change in total leucine flux, which implies that the observed increase in protein breakdown was accompanied by a reduction in the rate of protein synthesis. Another tracer method that has been developed to determine whole body protein metabolism, without the necessity of analyzing breath gases, is the ...

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Leucine kinetics are different during feeding with whole protein or oligopeptides

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion

Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion

Varying the protein source in mixed meal modifies glucose, insulin and glucagon kinetics in healthy men, has weak effects on subjective satiety and fails to affect food intake

Combined ingestion of protein and carbohydrate improves protein balance during ultra-endurance exercise

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