Leucine supplementation enhances integrative myofibrillar protein synthesis in free-living older men consuming lower- and higher-protein diets: a parallel-group crossover study

Murphy, Colette; Saddler, Nelson I; Devries, Michaela C.; McGlory, Chris; Baker, Steven K.; Phillips, Stuart M.

doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.136424

Cited by 110 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The myofibrillar fraction was then hydrolyzed for 72 h in 1 M hydrogen chloride and Dowex (50WX8-200 resin; MilliporeSigma) at 110°C and mixed on a vortex every 24 h. Free amino acids were purified using Dowex ion exchange chromatography. The N-acetyl-npropyl ester derivative of alanine was analyzed by gas chromatography pyrolysis isotope ratio mass spectrometry as previously described (27,28). The fractional synthetic rate of myofibrillar protein in percent per day was calculated by using the standard precursorproduct equation as previously described (29).…”

Section: Integrated Myopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation attenuates skeletal muscle disuse atrophy during two weeks of unilateral leg immobilization in healthy young women

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Omega‐3 (n‐3) fatty acid supplementation enhances muscle protein synthesis and muscle size. Whether n‐3 fatty acid supplementation attenuates human muscle disuse atrophy is unknown. We determined the influence of n‐3 fatty acid supplementation on muscle size, mass, and integrated rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) following 2 wk of muscle disuse and recovery in women. Twenty women (BMI = 23.0 ± 2.3 kg/m2, age = 22 ± 3 yr) underwent 2 wk of unilateral limb immobilization followed by 2 wk of return to normal activity. Starting 4 wk prior to immobilization, participants consumed either 5 g/d of n‐3 fatty acid or an isoenergetic quantity of sunflower oil (control). Muscle size and mass were measured pre‐ and postimmobilization, and after recovery. Serial muscle biopsies were obtained to measure integrated (daily) MyoPS. Following immobilization, the decline in muscle volume was greater in the control group compared to the n‐3 fatty acid group (14 vs. 8%, P < 0.05) and was not different from preimmobilization at recovery in the n‐3 fatty acid group; however, it was still lower in the control group (P < 0.05). Muscle mass was reduced in the control group only (P < 0.05). MyoPS was higher in the n‐3 group compared with the control group at all times (P < 0.05). We conclude that n‐3 fatty acid supplementation attenuates skeletal muscle disuse atrophy in young women, which may be mediated by higher rates of MyoPS.—McGlory, C., Gorissen, S. H. M., Kamal, M., Bahniwal, R., Hector, A. J., Baker, S. K., Chabowski, A., Phillips, S. M. Omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation attenuates skeletal muscle disuse atrophy during two weeks of unilateral leg immobilization in healthy young women. FASEB J. 33, 4586–4597 (2019). http://www.fasebj.org

show abstract

Section: Integrated Myopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation attenuates skeletal muscle disuse atrophy during two weeks of unilateral leg immobilization in healthy young women

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nos dias 0-2 os participantes consumiram um suplemento placebo com café da manhã, almoço e jantar, e nos dias 3-5, os participantes consumiram um suplemento contendo 5g de leucina (LEU) com cada uma das três refeições diárias. Os exercícios foram executados em uma série de 15 a 20 repetições máximas 19 . Outros detalhes dos estudos se encontram na Tabela 2.…”

Section: Figura 1 Etapas De Seleção Para Os Estudos Incluídos Na Revunclassified

“…Foram instruídos a completar um conjunto de 8 repetições de cada exercício, quando os exercícios foram executados corretamente sem fadiga, o número de repetições e conjunto foi aumentando até obter 2 conjuntos de 15 repetições. A rotina de treinamento teve como foco extremidades inferiores como agachamento, extensões de perna, apoios isométrico de quadril e flexões de perna18 .O outro estudo identificado e selecionado foi deMurphy et al (2016) 19 , o qual examinaram em um teste cruzado, o impacto da ingestão oral de leucina com refeições combinadas com macronutrientes em 20 homens idosos saudáveis (65 a 85 anos). Descrição dos estudos selecionados na busca sistematizada.…”

unclassified

Efeito da suplementação de leucina em idosos praticantes de treinamento resistido: uma revisão sistemática

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResumoObjetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática e explorativa, sobre os efeitos da suplementação crônica de leucina em idosos praticantes de treinamento resistido (TR). Métodos: Foi realizado uma busca sistemática nas bases de dados PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct, Scopus e Google Acadêmico foi realizada no período de 1997 a 2017. As palavras chaves utilizadas foram "elderly" AND "resistanceexercise" AND "resistance training" AND "leucine" AND "muscular hypertrophy". Os critérios de inclusão foram (1) estudos com humanos, (2) ensaio clínico randomizado, (3) amostra composta de indivíduos com idade acima de 60 anos, (4) ter protocolos de intervenções concomitante de suplementação de leucina isolada com treinamento resistido, (9) avaliação de composição corporal e/ou funcional. Resultados: Dos 232 artigos levantados, verificou-se a leitura do resumo dos artigos préselecionados e constatou-se que de sete artigos, cinco não ser relacionavam ao tema proposto. Foi verificado que 10-15g de leucina durante um programa moderado de TR melhora a capacidade funcional, força isométrica de membro inferiores e síntese proteína de idosos. Conclusão: A suplementação de leucina é melhor durante programa de TR em comparação a placebos. Assim propõem-se que a suplementação da leucina em idosos também pode ser utilizada para enriquecer concentrações de aminoácidos essenciais nas refeições diárias, que consequentemente, pode favorecer no aumento de massa muscular durante um programa de TR em idosos.Palavras-chave: idosos, leucina, treinamento resistido. AbstractObjective: Tocarry out a systematic and exploratory review on the effects of chronic leucine supplementation on elderly people with resistance training (RT). Methods: A systematicsearch in the databases PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar was performed from 1997 to 2017. Key words used were "elderly" AND "resistance exercise" AND "resistance training" AND "leucine "AND" muscular hypertrophy". Inclusion criteria were (1) studies with humans, (2) randomized clinical trials, (3) a composite sample of individuals aged over 60 years, (4) having concurrent protocols of concurrent leucine supplementation with resistance training, (9) evaluation of body and/or functional composition. Results: Of the 232 articles surveyed, weche cked the summary of the pre-selected articles and it was verified that of seven articles, five were not related to the proposed theme. It has been found that 10-15g of leucine during a moderate RT program improves functional capacity, lower limb isometric streng thand proteinsynthesis of the elderly. Conclusion: Leucine supplementation is best during RT program compared to placebos. Thus, it is proposed that supplementation of leucine in the elderly can also be used to enrich essential amino acid concentrations in daily meals, which consequently may favor the increase of muscle mass during an RT program in the elderly.

show abstract

“…), fortifying plant‐based foods with leucine (Murphy et al . ), combining plant‐based proteins with higher quality (and higher leucine) animal‐based sources (Reidy et al . ) and selectively combining multiple plant‐based protein sources to allow for the ingestion of a ‘complete’ IAA profile within a single meal (van Vliet et al .…”

Section: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and physical activity countermeasures for sarcopenia: Time to get personal?

Murphy

Roche

2018

Nutrition Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Population ageing is a global phenomenon. It is regarded as a major cause of upward pressure on healthcare costs. One of the greatest threats to healthy, independent ageing is sarcopenia, the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with age. Physical inactivity and poor nutrition represent crucial and imminently modifiable risk factors for sarcopenia. Resistance exercise training is the most effective method for improving muscle mass and function in older adults. Evidence indicates that resistance training-induced improvements in muscle mass, strength and function may be further augmented by certain nutrients and nutritional strategies. Ageing is associated with a reduction in the anabolic sensitivity of skeletal muscle to dietary protein ingestion and accumulating evidence indicates that older adults require protein intakes 50%-100% higher than the recommended daily allowance (0.8 g/kg/day) to preserve muscle mass and function. Protein quality, the pattern of protein intake over the day (i.e. per-meal protein), specific amino acids (i.e. leucine) and other nutrients (i.e. vitamin D, longchain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) are also key considerations. From the personalised nutrition perspective, it is now acknowledged that individual responses to nutrition/exercise interventions are highly variable, despite equivalent compliance, thus highlighting the inadequacy of a 'one-size-fits-all' approach. The application of personalised medicine to sarcopenia represents an exciting emerging field of research with the potential to dramatically improve patient outcomes. This approach makes use of recent developments in 'omics' technologies and aims to identify the factors (i.e. genes, key biomarkers, medical history, environment, lifestyle) that determine whether an individual is a higher or a lower responder to a particular intervention. This narrative review discusses current evidence regarding nutrition and exercise countermeasures for sarcopenia, with a specific emphasis on recent developments in personalised approaches.

show abstract

Leucine supplementation enhances integrative myofibrillar protein synthesis in free-living older men consuming lower- and higher-protein diets: a parallel-group crossover study

Abstract: Leu co-ingestion with daily meals enhances integrated MyoPS in free-living older men in rested and REX conditions and is equally effective in older men who consume daily protein intakes greater than or equal to the RDA. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02371278.

Cited by 110 publications

References 44 publications

Omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation attenuates skeletal muscle disuse atrophy during two weeks of unilateral leg immobilization in healthy young women

Omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation attenuates skeletal muscle disuse atrophy during two weeks of unilateral leg immobilization in healthy young women

Efeito da suplementação de leucina em idosos praticantes de treinamento resistido: uma revisão sistemática

Nutrition and physical activity countermeasures for sarcopenia: Time to get personal?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About