Leukemia Associated With Benzene Exposure

Vigliani, E. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1976.tb23103.x

Cited by 127 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…for a risk assessment, the effective doseofthat specific chemical to which an individual is exposed must also be accounted for. Typical exposures to benzene which eventually Iead to leukemia in humans amount to grams/day [20] . The exposure to EE as a contraceptive, on the other hand, is only about 50 p.gjday.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalent binding of ethinylestradiol and estrone to rat liver DNA in vivo

Jaggi¹,

Lutz²,

Schlatter³

1978

Chemico-Biological Interactions

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SUMMARYThecovalent bindingof [6, H]ethinylestradiol (EE)and [6,7-3 H]estrone (E) to liver DNA of 200 g female ratswas measured 8 h after the administration of 80 J..Lg (9.2 mCi) estrogen by gavage. The binding is 1.5 for EE and 1.1 for E, expressedas binding to DNA/dose, in units of ~mol hormonefmol DNA phosphate/mmole honnone/kg body wt. It is in the same order of magnitude as for benzene and about 10 000 tim es below the binding of typical liver carcinogens, such as aflatoxin B 1 or N,N-dimethylnitrosamine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalent binding of ethinylestradiol and estrone to rat liver DNA in vivo

Jaggi¹,

Lutz²,

Schlatter³

1978

Chemico-Biological Interactions

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“…Bowie (1987) (Rushton and Alderson, 1983) and the second to 1989 (Rushton, 1993). In the second follow-up some excess mortality was found from leukaemia, in particular acute myeloid leukaemia, which has been associated in other studies with possible exposure to benzene (Vigliani, 1976;Brandt et al, 1978;Aksoy, 1989) …”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Comparison of the diagnosis of leukaemia from death certificates, cancer registration and histological reports - implications for occupational case-control studies

Rushton

Romaniuk²

1997

Br J Cancer

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Summary It is essential in occupational case-control studies of rare diseases for ascertainment to be as complete as possible, together with an accurately defined diagnosis. A nested case-control study from a large cohort of UK oil distribution workers followed up since 1950 was carried out to investigate the association between leukaemia, in particular acute myeloid leukaemia, and exposure to benzene. Ninety-one cases occurring before 1993 were identified from death certificates or cancer registrations (available from 1971). Histopathology departments were contacted to obtain material that might confirm the diagnosis of leukaemia and this was received for 39 (43%) cases. The majority of the cases (88) were identified primarily from death certificates, with a cancer registration also being received for 56 (90%) of the 62 deaths occurring after 1971. Discrepancies in the diagnoses from these two sources were found for 12 cases, five being acute myeloid leukaemia. For the majority, the diagnosis on the death certificate was more specific than that on the cancer registration. Histology reports were received for nine of the discrepancies, all confirming the death certificate diagnosis. Although leukaemia appears to be regularly registered as a cancer, records may not be routinely updated when new clinical information becomes available. It is recommended that death certificates, cancer registrations and histology reports are obtained routinely by cancer registries to maximize both numbers of cases and diagnostic accuracy for epidemiological studies.

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“…Minimum estimates of 14-170 excess leukemia deaths per 1000 workers exposed over a working lifetime were calculated for an exposure Ievel of 100 ppm. Their computations were based on three epidemiological studies (Vigliani 1976;Ott et al 1978;Rinsky et al 1981) for which ranges of excess cases and exposure Ievels are shown in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible implications from results of animal studies in human risk estimations for benzene: nonlinear dose-response relationship due to saturation of metabolism

Grilli

Lutz

Parodi

1987

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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Summary. To date, all risk assessment studies on benzene have been based almost exclusively on epiderniological data. Wehave attempted a more integrated and quantitative evaluation of carcinogenic risk for hurnans, trying to utilize, in addition to the epidemiological data, all data available, specifically data on metabolism, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity in small rodents. An integrated evaluation of the globality of the available data seems to suggest a progressive saturation of metabolic capacity both for man and rodents between 10 and 100 ppm. The most susceptible target cells seem tobe different in humans (predominant induction of myelogenous leukemia) and small rodents (induction of a wide variety of tumors). Nevertheless, both epidemiological and experimental carcinogenicity data tend to indicate a flattening ofthe response for the highest dosages, again suggesting a general Saturation of mechanisms of metabolic activation, extended to different target tissues. From a quantitative point of view, the data suggest a carcinogenic potency at 10 ppm two to three times higher than that computable by a linear extrapolation from data in the 100 ppm range. These observations are in accord with the recent proposal of the European Economic Community of reducing benzene time-weighted average occupationallevels from 10 to 5 ppm.

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Leukemia Associated With Benzene Exposure

Cited by 127 publications

References 4 publications

Covalent binding of ethinylestradiol and estrone to rat liver DNA in vivo

Covalent binding of ethinylestradiol and estrone to rat liver DNA in vivo

Comparison of the diagnosis of leukaemia from death certificates, cancer registration and histological reports - implications for occupational case-control studies

Possible implications from results of animal studies in human risk estimations for benzene: nonlinear dose-response relationship due to saturation of metabolism

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