LEvEL: Low-Energy Neutrino Experiment at the LHC

Abstract

We propose the operation of LEvEL, the Low-Energy Neutrino Experiment at the LHC, a neutrino detector near the Large Hadron Collider Beam Dump. Such a detector is capable of exploring an intense, low-energy neutrino flux and can measure neutrino cross sections that have previously never been observed. These cross sections can inform other future neutrino experiments, such as those aiming to observe neutrinos from supernovae, allowing such measurements to accomplish their fundamental physics goals. We perform detailed simulations to determine neutrino production at the LHC beam dump, as well as neutron and muon backgrounds. Measurements at a few to ten percent precision of neutrino-argon charged current and neutrino-nucleus coherent scattering cross sections are attainable with 100 ton-year and 1 ton-year exposures at LEvEL, respectively, concurrent with the operation of the High Luminosity LHC. We also estimate signal and backgrounds for an experiment exploiting the forward direction of the LHC beam dump, which could measure neutrinos above 100 GeV.

Supernova neutrino burst detection with the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

“…Spallation-based neutron beams such as the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory [53], the Lujan Neutron Science Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory [54], the J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source [55], and the future European Spallation Source [56] (currently under construction) are intense sources of pion decay-at-rest neutrinos. Measurements of these neutrinos may also be possible at highenergy physics facilities including the Large Hadron Collider beam dump [57] and the meson decay-in-flight neutrino beams at Fermilab [58].…”

Heavy neutral leptons at beam dump experiments of future lepton colliders

“…Far forward experiments at hadron colliders have higher energies [57,58], but they have lower intensity compared to electron collider beam dumps due to their geometric acceptance and lower luminosities. The main beam dumps of hadron collider could also be interesting for probing dark sector particles, but they suffer from significant radiation that can easily overwhelm the detectors if the detectors are directly placed downstream of the dump [59]. This paper is organized as follows.…”

PIP2-BD: GeV Proton Beam Dump at Fermilab's PIP-II Linac

“…The nuclear recoil events output by BdNMC are then fed into the full detector simulation. A set of 375,000 events was generated for m χ = [1,5,10,30,50] MeV at fixed values of = 4.04 × 10 −4 , α D = 0.5, and m V = 3m χ , which can then be reweighted to other values of .…”

“…The PIP-II accumulator ring scenarios are shown with the baseline PAR and the possible improvements either increasing the background rejection factor with the C-PAR scenario or increasing the beam power with the RCS-SR scenario. Figure adapted from Ref [10]…”