Level of self-esteem: Is there any difference among physical, verbal, anti-social, and cyber bullies?

Abstract

<span lang="EN-US">Bullying is one of the major issues worldwide and is one of the most prevalent school violence. Bullying is a negative behavior toward an individual or group of individuals that are considered weak. Bullying is often associated with self-esteem. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the influence of students’ tendency to be bullies (physical, verbal, anti-social, and cyber) on self-esteem. This study involved 150 secondary school students in the north of peninsular Malaysia. The study also used the cross-sectional survey method by distributing a set of questionnaires to the respondents. The findings of the study found that students who tend to be bullies for the four categories of bullying, namely physical bullying (ß=0.076, t=3.048, p<0.05), verbal (ß=0.080, t=3.052, p<0.05), anti-social (ß=0.084, t=3.055, p <0.05) and cyber (ß=0.046, t=2.815, p<0.05) had a significant influence on level of self-esteem.</span>

Bullying Victimization and Bully Prevention Programs as Predictors of Classroom Peer Support for Immigrant and US-born Students

“…137-156, July -December, 2023 Bullying Victimization and Bully Prevention Programs as Predictors of Classroom Peer Support for Immigrant and US-born Students Programas de Victimización por Bullying (Intimidación) y Prevención de Bullying Intimidación) como Predictores del Apoyo entre Compañeros en el Aula para Estudiantes Inmigrantes y Nacidos en los Estados Unidos IntroductIon Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights-UDHR states the importance of free education for all children that promotes "understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and … the maintenance of peace" (United Nations- UN, 2015, p. 54). This statement is important to keep in mind because research shows that many immigrant youth struggle to enroll (Evans et al, 2019;Booi et al, 2016), and subsequently thrive in public schools across the US (Feng et al, 2002;Maynard et al, 2016;Nakman et al, 2023;Szlyk et al, 2020).…”