Levels of Oligomeric α-Synuclein in Reflex Tears Distinguish Parkinson'S Disease Patients From Healthy Controls

Janga, Srikanth Reddy; Edman, Maria C.; Feigenbaum, Danielle; Freire, Daniel; Mack, Wendy J.; Okamoto, Curtis T.; Lew, Mark F.

doi:10.2217/bmm-2019-0315

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The researchers concluded: "Further research will be required to understand whether LF serves as an iron scavenger and may represent a protective factor, or whether it promotes excessive iron buildup leading to oxidative injury in susceptible neurons" [79]. Two recent investigations separately showed that LF might be useful as a non-invasive PD marker, after they discovered that the levels of LF in the saliva and tears of PD patients were higher than those in the same biofluids of the control group [80,81]. Salivary and lacrimal LF levels could be acceptable as PD markers since they are simpler to collect than blood samples and, more importantly, the amounts of LF in both exocrine secretions are substantially larger than the levels of oligomeric alpha-synuclein.…”

Section: Lactoferrin As a Diagnostic Marker For Type 2 Diabetes Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Lactoferrin Inflammatory Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Neutrophil Dysfunction

Alhalwani

2021

JPRI

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Lactoferrin (LF) is a protein that plays important roles in many diseases including diabetes mellitus (DM). DM is one of the most challenging health concerns of the 21st century. At least 30% of the diabetic population is undiagnosed at any one time, so effective and early diagnosis is of critical concern. Several of the body’s chemicals, such as enzymes, electrolytes, and proteins, have been used as biomarkers in the diagnosis of diabetic diseases. Detection of LF is considered an important sign of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), due to its activity as an anti-inflammatory agent and in the down-regulation of pro-inflammation. LF is produced by glandular epithelial cells and neutrophils, and a decrease in its concentration is linked with the dysfunction of neutrophils in many diseases. Neutrophils are the first line of defence against pathogens that invade the human body during inflammation. Therefore, the health of neutrophils can be employed as a biomarker in the diagnosis of diseases such as diabetes. A decrease in LF concentrations in T2DM could result in increased levels of inflammatory markers that are associated with the inflammation activity. Increased understanding of the link between LF concentration and development of T2DM should improve early diagnosis and treatment outcomes. LF is identified through use of various techniques such as immunoassay, proteomics, and spectrometry. The aim of this review is to summarise each pathway and some of the most relevant LF biomarkers that may be used to monitor the development or progression of diabetes and its complications, and the link between levels of LF and neutrophil dysfunction in T2DM. Moreover, the objective of this review is to show the most common LF analysis that may be useful in the clinical diagnosis of T2DM and discuss to what extent this analysis method can be a tool for prognostic and diagnostic work.

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Section: Lactoferrin As a Diagnostic Marker For Type 2 Diabetes Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Lactoferrin Inflammatory Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Neutrophil Dysfunction

Alhalwani

2021

JPRI

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“…The analytical methodology established here can be further used to detect and distinguish WT and mutant α-synucleins including A30P, E46K, H50Q, G51D, A53E and A53T, with a precision of single point mutation. It is reported that saliva [33] and tears [34] contain α-synuclein, considering the ease of collection from patients and the composition is less complex than cerebrospinal fluid [35] and blood. [36] Our approach can be readily adopted to report the α-synuclein content and identification of α-synuclein mutation, benefits for more accurate diagnosis of early PD and mutations so as to secure the best window time for specific treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of liquid crystal and deep learning reveals distinct signatures of Parkinson's disease‐related wild‐type α‐synuclein and six pathogenic mutants

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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α-Synuclein is a central player in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. Various point mutations in α-synuclein have been identified to alter the protein-phospholipid binding behavior and cause PD. Therefore, exploration of α-synucleinphospholipid interaction is important for understanding the PD pathogenesis and helping the early diagnosis of PD. Herein, a phospholipid-decorated liquid crystal (LC)-aqueous interface is constructed to investigate the binding between α-synucleins (wild-type and six familial mutant A30P, E46K, H50Q, G51D, A53E and A53T) and phospholipid. The application of deep learning analyzes and reveals distinct LC signatures generated by the binding of α-synuclein and phospholipid. This system allows for the identification of single point mutant α-synucleins with an average accuracy of 98.3 � 1.3% in a fast and efficient manner. We propose that this analytical methodology provides a new platform to understand α-synuclein-lipid interactions, and can be potentially developed for easy identification of α-synuclein mutations in common clinic.

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“…Listuaz gain, malkoak biomarkatzaile-iturri ezagunak dira begiko gaixotasun zein gaixotasun sistemikoetarako, abantaila bereziak eskaintzen Alfa-sinukleina biomarkatzaile gisa Parkinson gaixotasunaren... baitituzte: lagin-bilketa ez da teknika inbaditzailea, eta proteina-konposizioa gero eta hobeto definitua dago. Parkinson gaixotasunean malkoetan α-sinukleina oligomerikoa nabarmen handitzen dela frogatu da, kontrol osasuntsuekin alderatuta [78,79]. Azken ikerketek, ultrasentikorra den entsegu bat erabiliz, frogatu dute α-sinukleina totalaren maila ere areagotuta dagoela Parkinson pazienteen malkoetan [80].…”

Section: Alfa-sinukleinaren Mailak Beste Gorputzeko Fluido Batzuetanunclassified

Alfa-sinukleina biomarkatzaile gisa Parkinson gaixotasunaren diagnostikoan

Murueta‐Goyena

Zubelzu

Morera-Herreras

2021

EKAIA

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Parkinson gaixotasuna ohiko gaixotasun neurodegeneratiboa da, patologikoki Lewy gorputzen presentziagatik eta neurona dopaminergikoen galera progresiboagatik bereizten dena. Gaur egun, Parkinson gaixotasunaren diagnostikoa irizpide klinikoetan oinarrituta dago; hau da, gorputz-adarren dardara, mugimenduen moteltasuna edo muskuluen gogortasuna bezalako sintoma motorrak agertzen direnean diagnostikatzen da. Hala ere, sintoma motorrak azaleratzen direnerako, mesentzefaloko neurona dopaminergikoen erdia baino gehiago galdu direla uste da. Gainera, Parkinsonaren diagnostiko klinikoa erronka bat denez, diagnostiko okerrak ohikoak dira. Honek argi uzten du gaixotasunaren berariazko diagnostikorako biomarkatzaileak behar direla, batez ere fase goiztiarretan. Lewyren gorputzak aberatsak dira alfa-sinukleina (α-sinukleina) proteinatan, eta hauek funtsezko eginkizuna dute Parkinson gaixotasunaren patogenesian. Hori dela eta, α-sinukleina baliagarria izan daiteke Parkinsonaren biomarkatzaile gisa. Berrikuspen honen helburua, beraz, gorputzeko fluido desberdinetan α-sinukleinaren eta bere proteoformen neurketaren erabilgarritasun diagnostikoari buruzko ebidentzia laburbiltzea da. Izan ere, espezifikoak, sentikorrak eta eskuragarriak diren biomarkatzaileak identifikatzea ezinbestekoa da Parkinson gaixotasuna aldatzeko dauden eta etorkizunean izango diren tratamenduei dagokienez. Nahiz eta hautagai nagusia α-sinukleina likido zefalorrakideoan (LZR) neurtzea izan den, LZR biltzeko prozedura nahiko inbaditzailea da, eta ez da egokia ingurune kliniko gehienetan. Ondorioz, odol-plasma, listua eta malkoa bezalako biofluidoetan ikertu da proteina honen eta bere proteoformen presentzia. Ikerketa hauen emaitzen arabera, α-sinukleina fosforilatua eta oligomerikoa izan daitezke hautagai egokienak Parkinson gaixotasunaren diagnostikorako. Orain arte α-sinukleinaren neurketak muga tekniko anitz izan dituen arren, azken urteetan sortutako tekniken bitartez entseguen errepikakortasuna eta fidagarritasuna nabarmen areagotu da. Beraz, hautagai nagusiek Parkinsonaren diagnostikorako biomarkatzailegisa izan dezaketen potentziala hurrengo urteetan egiaztatzea espero da.

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Levels of Oligomeric α-Synuclein in Reflex Tears Distinguish Parkinson'S Disease Patients From Healthy Controls

Cited by 28 publications

References 43 publications

A Review of Lactoferrin Inflammatory Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Neutrophil Dysfunction

A Review of Lactoferrin Inflammatory Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Neutrophil Dysfunction

Combination of liquid crystal and deep learning reveals distinct signatures of Parkinson's disease‐related wild‐type α‐synuclein and six pathogenic mutants

Alfa-sinukleina biomarkatzaile gisa Parkinson gaixotasunaren diagnostikoan

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