Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in human adipose tissue from Baghdad/Iraq

Alawi, Mahmoud A.; Al-Tameemi, F. T.

doi:10.1080/15569543.2016.1201842

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Polychlorinated biphenyls have been reported in various environmental media ranging from indoor air 8 , 9 , water and sediment 10 , 11 and soil 12 . Of great concern is that these chemicals enter into the food chain where human beings are exposed mainly through the diet and breathing contaminated air, having been detected in human tissue including blood 13 , adipose tissue 14 , liver and kidney 15 . Reported health effects include potential to cause cancer 16 , disruption of the endocrine system, reduced intellectual quotient (IQ) and diabetes 17 among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards miniaturized electrochemical sensors for monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls

Ndunda¹,

Mwanza²

2023

Open Res Africa

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Pollution of our environment as a result of industrialization and other human activities is a growing concern due to the harmful effects of most chemicals that are released into the environment. Of particular interest are the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are reported to be toxic and build up in the environment due to their persistence. Among the POPs are polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which were widely used in the past in various applications ranging from additives in pesticides to dielectric fluids in electrical equipment. As a way of protecting the one health trilogy (environment, human and animal health), their determination in the environment is a paramount call that has seen researchers continue to provide advanced technologies towards achieving this goal. These technologies involve the conventional gold standard gas chromatography systems coupled to sensitive detectors that can detect trace level concentrations. They have come in handy in monitoring of PCBs but their application for routing monitoring may not be sustainable because of the cost of operation associated with them and the need for experts to run the equipment. As a result, there is need for affordable systems that are still able to achieve the required sensitivity for routine monitoring and real-time data acquisition. Sensor systems fit very well in this category since they can be miniaturized for affordability and portray many other desirable features. PCBs as environmentally relevant environmental pollutants have received minimal attention with regards to sensor development and this review highlights the efforts that have been made so far. It provides in-depth discussions on electrochemical sensors and the various modifications that have been employed to date to achieve detection of PCBs at low concentrations as well as the future prospects in remote and routine monitoring.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards miniaturized electrochemical sensors for monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls

Ndunda¹,

Mwanza²

2023

Open Res Africa

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“…Dated sediment core measurements from the northwestern Arabian Gulf identified a 1991 spike in PCBs that may have been due to burning of PCB-containing power transformers during the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait [23]. A study of adipose total PCBs from the Baghdad area of Iraq found levels more than twice the US background, but the source and era of exposure to the PCBs is uncertain [24]. Sulfur mustard, which was detected in fallout from aerial bombing early in the war and which possibly exposed up to 40% of the troops [13], is lipophilic, genotoxic and may be retained in subcutaneous adipose tissue [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Detoxification Intervention for Gulf War Illness: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Kerr

Morse

Graves

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Approximately 30% of the 700,000 US veterans of the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf War developed multiple persistent symptoms called Gulf War illness. While the etiology is uncertain, several toxic exposures including pesticides and chemical warfare agents have shown associations. There is no effective medical treatment. An intervention to enhance detoxification developed by Hubbard has improved quality of life and/or reduced body burdens in other cohorts. We evaluated its feasibility and efficacy in ill Gulf War (GW) veterans in a randomized, waitlist-controlled, pilot study at a community-based rehabilitation facility in the United States. Eligible participants (n = 32) were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 22) or a four-week waitlist control (n = 10). The daily 4–6 week intervention consisted of exercise, sauna-induced sweating, crystalline nicotinic acid and other supplements. Primary outcomes included recruitment, retention and safety; and efficacy was measured via Veteran’s Short Form-36 (SF-36) quality of life, McGill pain, multidimensional fatigue inventory questionnaires and neuropsychological batteries. Scoring of outcomes was blinded. All 32 completed the trial and 21 completed 3-month follow-up. Mean SF-36 physical component summary score after the intervention was 6.9 (95% CI; −0.3, 14.2) points higher compared to waitlist control and 11 of 16 quality of life, pain and fatigue measures improved, with no serious adverse events. Most improvements were retained after 3 months. The Hubbard regimen was feasible, safe and might offer relief for symptoms of GW illness.

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Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Concentration Levels in Human Gallbladder Stones and Gallbladder Tissues in Jordan

et al. 2019

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Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in human adipose tissue from Baghdad/Iraq

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Towards miniaturized electrochemical sensors for monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls

Towards miniaturized electrochemical sensors for monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls

A Detoxification Intervention for Gulf War Illness: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Concentration Levels in Human Gallbladder Stones and Gallbladder Tissues in Jordan

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