Levels of Shading and Reflective Material in Benches for Schizolobium amazonicum Seedlings

Abstract

High quality forest seedlings are essential for the implementation of a commercial forest system, and it is therefore necessary to study their development in different environments, seeking to identify the most favorable environment for their production. In view of the above, the purpose of this essay was to evaluate the production of quamwood seedlings in different environments and workbenches with reflective material. The study was conducted at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul-Cassilândia-MS from August to November 2017, in a completely randomized design within each environment and the environments compared by the joint analysis of the data. At the opportunity, produced quamwood seedlings under shade levels of 0% (full sun), 30% under sombrite, 35% under thermo-reflective screen and the agricultural greenhouse with thermo-reflective screen under the film with 42/50% shading. In the interior of each environment the seedlings were placed on cultivation benches with reflective material (aluminum paper) and without reflective material. The environments were compared by the joint analysis, and the results of molt height and lap diameter were measured at 30, 55 and 72 days after transplanting. The experiment was completed at 72 days after transplanting and the destructive analysis of the seedlings was performed, subjecting them to drying in a forced ventilation oven until reaching a constant dry mass. Based on the results obtained, the total dry mass, height and diameter ratio, root dry mass ratio and dry mass root system, absolute growth rate and Dickson quality index were calculated. The protected environments were favorable to the formation of paricá seedlings. The environment in full sun formed small, but more rustic seedlings. The use of reflective material had a positive effect only in the plastic coverage environment with 42/50% shading screen.

Ornamental Pepper on Reflective Bench Under Protected Environments

“…The highest number of leaves were found in growing benches with reflective material at 75 DAT (Figure 4). The highest NL at 75 DAT is related to the higher bench reflection (Figure 2), as observed by Santos et al (2017), Salles et al (2017), andMortate et al (2019).…”

“…The positive influence of the reflective material on the number of fruits is in line with the results found by Santos et al (2017) for passion fruit seedlings (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. ), Salles et al (2017) for Java plum seedlings (Syzygium cumini), Mortate et al (2019) for paricá seedlings (Schizolobium amazonicum), Costa et al (2020b,c) for baru seedlings (Dipteryx alata), and Cabral et al (2020) for papaya seedlings (Carica papaya). According to Salles et al (2017), this material reflects part of the photosynthetically active radiation that reaches the benches to the leaves, which provides higher availability of light energy (Figure 2), improving its use to perform photosynthesis.…”

“…The use of reflective material on growing benches has positively influenced the formation of seedlings of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) (Santos et al, 2017), Java plum (Syzygium cumini) (Salles et al, 2017 ), paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum) (Mortate et al, 2019), baru (Dipteryx alata) (Costa et al, 2020b, c), and papaya (Carica papaya) (Cabral et al, 2020).…”

Use of Benches With Reflective Material to Favor Production of Rubber Tree Rootstock Seedlings

“…This material proved to be efficient in production of jambolan seedlings, with better results under 30% shading (Salles et al, 2017). A positive effect was also observed for aluminum foil on cultivation benches of paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum) seedlings when associated with 42 and 50% shading greenhouses (Mortate et al, 2019); the same was observed for papaya (Carica papaya) (Cabral et al, 2020).…”

Reflective material on cultivation benches and rice straw over the substrate in papaya seedling production

“…Combinado con entornos protegidos, el uso de material reflectante en los bancos de cultivo se ha mostrado prometedor para aumentar la calidad de las plántulas. El uso de papel de aluminio como material reflectante en bancos de cultivo, en asociación con un ambiente de cultivo de invernadero agrícola con una pantalla de sombra 42-50% debajo de la película de polietileno, tuvo un efecto positivo en el aumento de la calidad de las plántulas de Schizolobium amazonicum (Mortate et al, 2019). Para jambolan (Syzygium cumini), las mejores plántulas se formaron con el uso de material reflectante de papel de aluminio en una casa de malla agrícola con 30% de sombra (Salles et al, 2017).…”