Leveraging hydrogen as the low reactive component in the optimization of the PPCI-RCCI transition regimes in an existing diesel engine under varying injection phasing and reactivity stratification strategies

Chakraborty, Amitav; Biswas, Srijit; Kakati, D.; Banerjee, Rahul

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.122629

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Dual fuelling gives the engine fuel flexibility and many studies with various alternative fuels have been conducted (Ashok et al 2022;Chakraborty et al 2022;Li et al 2017;Paykani et al 2021). In some studies, using biofuels has shown better combustion characteristics and reduces emissions.…”

Section: Rccimentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review of Innovation in Piston Engine and Low Temperature Combustion Technologies

Allmägi,

Ilves,

Olt

2024

Transport

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Global transport today is mainly powered by the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and throughout its century and a half of development it has become considerably more efficient and cleaner. Future prospects of the ICE rely on the scientific work conducted today to keep this trend of higher efficiency and cleaner emissions in new engines going. The aim of this article is to give a comprehensive review of development directions in novel piston engine designs, which seek to overcome the drawbacks of the ubiquitous 4-stroke piston engine. One of the directions of development is devoted to improving the mechanisms and the general layout of the piston engine to reduce losses within the engine. Research teams working with alternative engine work cycles like the 5- and 6-stroke engine and technologies for extracting waste heat seek to reduce thermal losses while novel layouts of valve trains and crank assemblies claim to significantly improve the mechanical and Volumetric Efficiency (VE) of piston engines. These novel ideas include camless or Variable Valve Action (VVA) and engines with Variable Compression Ratio (VCR) or opposed pistons. One alternative approach could also be to totally redesign the reciprocating mechanism by replacing the piston with some other device or mechanism. Additional scientific work is investigating Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) technologies such as Turbulent Jet Ignition (TJI) and Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) and its derivatives like Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI) and Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) that have shown improvements in thermal and fuel conversion efficiency while also significantly reducing harmful emissions. These combustion strategies also open the path to alternative fuels. The contemporary work in the combustion engine fields of research entail technical solutions from the past that have received a modern approach or are a completely novel idea. Nonetheless, all research teams work with the common goal to make the piston engine a highly efficient and environmentally friendly device that will continue to power our transport and industry for years to come. For this, solutions must be found to overcome the mechanical limitations of the traditional layout of the piston engine. Similarly various improvements in combustion technology are needed that implement state of the art technology to improve combustion characteristics and reduce harmful emissions.

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Section: Rccimentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review of Innovation in Piston Engine and Low Temperature Combustion Technologies

Allmägi,

Ilves,

Olt

2024

Transport

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“…Many researchers have investigated the combustion of renewable fuels in both conventional and modern engines. 7,11,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Some researchers and companies moved one step further and have designed or manufactured special engines compatible with specific biofuels like bio-hydrogen. 36,37 In fact, burning of fossil fuels is the main reason for the combustion engines to be considered unsustainable and when it comes to the renewable fuels the combustion behavior of these fuels is not fully understood yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the effect of Intake temperature on the ϕ-sensitivity of toluene-ethanol reference fuels and neat ethanol

Alemahdi

Martı́nez

Tunér

2022

International Journal of Engine Research

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The low-temperature combustion (LTC) is an attractive concept that enables the modem combustion engines to move toward sustainability mainly by increasing the efficiency and decreasing the emissions. The modern combustion engines which are working based on the LTC concept have specific fuel requirements. Fuel ϕ-sensitivity is a key factor to be considered for tailoring fuels for these engines. Fuel with a high ϕ-sensitivity are more responsive to thermal or fuel stratifications; the auto-ignition properties of different air-fuel mixtures of these fuels, with different equivalence ratio (ϕ), are more diverse. This diversity provide a smoother heat release rate in stratified condition. In this study 11 different toluene–ethanol reference fuels (TERFs) in three research octane number (RON) groups of 63, 84, and 105 together with neat ethanol are evaluated. The Lund ϕ-sensitivity method is used to evaluate these fuels in a cooperative fuel research (CFR) engine. The effect of variation of intake temperature on pressure sensitivity of fuel at a constant combustion phasing is evaluated. This evaluation is performed at two intake temperature of 373 and 423 K, and the results are compared with the outcome of the Lund ϕ-sensitivity number with the intake temperature of 323 K. This study shows that the CR sensitivity response of different blends to the intake charge temperature variation depends on the fuel composition. Accumulated low temperature heat release and latent heat of vaporization. It proves that the fuel ϕ-sensitivity will vary under different thermodynamic conditions. There was a clear link between the accumulated heat released during the early reaction and CR sensitivity of the blends at different intake temperature of 373 and 423 K but the link with the latent heat of vaporization (HoV) found to be inexplicit.

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“…Furthermore, because of their versatility and cheap production costs, alternative fuels in CI engines are favored due to limited fossil fuel reserves and costly crude oil production. Alternative fuels like methanol, 1 ethanol, 2 H 2 , 3 CNG, 4 LPG generated domestically which may help the country’s energy security and economic growth by reducing its reliance on foreign fuel suppliers. Pursuing higher performance, better combustion, stability, and simultaneous emission reduction according to continually revised emission limits for a diesel engine has piqued researchers’ attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This limitation provides an opportunity to exploit the advantages of different combustion characteristics like port fuel injection (PFI) of high-octane fuel, which can act as an alternative source of energy for the combustion, and direct injection of a high cetane fuel like Mahua biodiesel 4 may act as ignition source of energy in a CI engine operation. The recent development of LTC regimes such as Homogeneous Charged Compression Ignition (HCCI), Premixed Charged Compression Ignition (PCCI), Partially Premixed Compression Ignition (PPCI), 3 and Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) provides the feasibility of utilizing the conventional diesel engine with minor modifications and harnessing the benefits of dual-fuel combustion. Previous studies 37 reported that a pair of fuels with a higher reactivity gradient achieved superior RCCI 38 combustion mode and significant dependence of performance and emission at the start of injection timing and fuel injection pressure, respectively, on RCCI mode combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transition from conventional biodiesel combustion to RCCI with CNG/ethanol induction in CI engine: A comparative combustion analysis and relative effects on performance-emissions

Biswas

Sengupta

Kakati

et al. 2022

International Journal of Engine Research

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Concerning the national biofuel policies in India, increasing plant-based fuels and lowering the use of fossil diesel in CI engines reduces the burden on foreign exchange and carbon footprints in the environment, which helps achieve “net-zero carbons emissions.” In this present study, Mahua biodiesel (BD) was used here as an ignition energy source, and CNG/ethanol (Et) was used here as the primary energy source replacing the biodiesel with a significant energy share during the combustion process. The effects of various injection and reactivity phasing strategies on a diesel engine’s combustion characteristics has been evaluated here. However, effect of this combustion characteristics on the corresponding performance and emission has also been evaluated here. This study revealed the ignition delay (ID) and combustion duration (CD) trade-off for almost every combustion phase achieved here during the testing. This analysis also incorporates the widespread effect of combustion characteristics on the performance and emission behavior of the diesel engine for both types of fuel combinations, that is, CNG + BD and Et + BD operation. For example, the lowest ID for CNG enriched combustion was 26.62% greater than ethanol enriched combustion, signifying that the ethanol delayed the start of ignition at polit-main angle of 35°-05° CA. Hence, NHC, PM, and CO2 emissions registered a lower footprint for CNG-BD operation, while ethanol-BD mode reported lower CO emission. However, ethanol-enriched combustion registered a 31.25% higher maximum CD than CNG-coupled operation, signifying a more extended period of energy release. CNG-BD operation also observed lower NHC, CO, and CO2 footprint corresponding to maximum combustion duration, and ethanol-BD mode reported lower PM emission.

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Leveraging hydrogen as the low reactive component in the optimization of the PPCI-RCCI transition regimes in an existing diesel engine under varying injection phasing and reactivity stratification strategies

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Comprehensive Review of Innovation in Piston Engine and Low Temperature Combustion Technologies

Comprehensive Review of Innovation in Piston Engine and Low Temperature Combustion Technologies

Understanding the effect of Intake temperature on the ϕ-sensitivity of toluene-ethanol reference fuels and neat ethanol

The transition from conventional biodiesel combustion to RCCI with CNG/ethanol induction in CI engine: A comparative combustion analysis and relative effects on performance-emissions

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