Levetiracetam-induced eosinophilic pneumonia

Fagan, Aisling; Fuld, Jonathan; Soon, Elaine

doi:10.1136/bcr-2016-219121

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In our study, been reported in some patients receiving LEV therapy, there is no study reporting on the occurrence of pancytopenia during the long-term follow-up of the patients (11). Moreover, although LEVinduced eosinophilic pneumonia and B cell aplasia have been reported, there have been no reports of LEV-induced monocytic change (12,13). Our findings indicated that the patients had no anemia and had increased Hgb and Htc levels at three years of LEV therapy; however, their MPV and WBC levels showed no significant difference, which could be associated with the hemoconcentration induced by LEV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Evaluation of Long-Term Effects of Levetiracetam Monotherapy on Hematological and Liver Function Parameters in Children With Idiopathic Epilepsy

Dilber¹,

Yildiz²,

Yaman³

et al. 2022

Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease

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Objective: We aimed this study, investigated the changes in pre-and post-treatment hematological parameters, liver and kidney function parameters in children that were diagnosed with epilepsy and initiated on levetiracetam (LEV) therapy. Material and Methods:The study population consisted of 114 children (6-18 years) had normal growth percentiles, that were treated for new-onset epilepsy with LEV monotherapy. In each patient, hematological parameters, B12, ferritin, liver and kidney function parameters were measured before and one/three years after the initiation of the therapy. Results:The hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Htc) levels showed a significant increase and the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) (p=0.000), monocyte percentage (p=0.032), and mean platelet volume (MPV) (p=0.000) levelsshowed a significant decrease. The ALC levels decreased significantly in 6 (5.3%) children. The mean drug dose at three years of treatment was 30.0±5.6 mg/kg/day. No significant difference was found between preand post-treatment platelet (PLT) counts and no significant correlation was found between gender and hematological parameters (p>0.05 for both). Conclusion:Although LEV monotherapy led to changes in the hematological parameters of the epilepsy patients, no significant change was observed in liver function. We suggest that when evaluating the hematological parameters in children with epilepsy, the community's predisposition should be considered and also children should be examined for iron deficiency and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia before initiating the LEV therapy. It was also revealed that long-term LEV monotherapy is a safe treatment in children with epilepsy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Evaluation of Long-Term Effects of Levetiracetam Monotherapy on Hematological and Liver Function Parameters in Children With Idiopathic Epilepsy

Dilber¹,

Yildiz²,

Yaman³

et al. 2022

Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease

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“…It is a unique AED that has multiple mechanism of action that differentiates it from conventional AEDs. But in recent years, apart from the most frequent adverse effects of LEV, such as nausea, gastrointestinal symptoms, dizziness, irritability and aggressive behavior, some rare adverse effects of LEV have been reported, including eosinophilic pneumonia, rhabdomyolysis, thrombocytopenia, elevated kinase and reduced sperm quality [17–19] . However, evidence for a relationship between LEV serum concentrations and risk of adverse effects remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But in recent years, apart from the most frequent adverse effects of LEV, such as nausea, gastrointestinal symptoms, dizziness, irritability and aggressive behavior, some rare adverse effects of LEV have been reported, including eosinophilic pneumonia, rhabdomyolysis, thrombocytopenia, elevated kinase and reduced sperm quality. [17][18][19] However, evidence for a relationship between LEV serum concentrations and risk of adverse effects remains unclear. Further larger, prospective studies will be required to investigate the safety of LEV in the treatment of pediatric epilepsy…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of levetiracetam in the treatment of pediatric epilepsy

Pang¹,

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Medicine

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Background: To systematically collect, critically evaluate, and synthesize current evidence with respect to the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of levetiracetam as mono-or adjunctive therapy for children and adolescents with all types of epilepsy.Methods: The presentation of methods and results in this systematic review was performed according to the evaluation guidelines for health care interventions provided in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocol.

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“…We report a case of adult-onset LEV-induced ILD. Only one reported case of lung injury caused by LEV in an adult was found via a PubMed search [ 10 ]. This previous case was diagnosed as eosinophilic pneumonia based on non-segmental infiltrates detected by CT and findings of increased peripheral eosinophils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levetiracetam-induced interstitial lung disease in a patient with advanced lung cancer

Sato

Oba

Ohta

et al. 2020

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports

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An 85-year-old woman with antibiotics-resistant pneumonia after surgery for metastatic brain tumor from lung cancer was consulted to our department. Chest CT showed diffuse GGO bilaterally. BALF showed elevated ratios of lymphocytes and CD4/CD8. Tests for bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi were negative. She improved following levetiracetam discontinuance and systemic corticosteroid administration, and we diagnosed levetiracetam-induced lung injury. Although levetiracetam is widely used, few reports of levetiracetam-induced pneumonia exist. Changes in chest images may occur after levetiracetam administration if patients have multiple risk factors for development of drug-induced interstitial lung disease. Bronchoscopy is useful for differential diagnosis if new lung lesions appear after starting levetiracetam.

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Levetiracetam-induced eosinophilic pneumonia

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of Long-Term Effects of Levetiracetam Monotherapy on Hematological and Liver Function Parameters in Children With Idiopathic Epilepsy

Evaluation of Long-Term Effects of Levetiracetam Monotherapy on Hematological and Liver Function Parameters in Children With Idiopathic Epilepsy

Efficacy of levetiracetam in the treatment of pediatric epilepsy

Levetiracetam-induced interstitial lung disease in a patient with advanced lung cancer

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