Liana anatomy: a broad perspective on structural evolution of the vascular system

Angyalossy, Verônica; Pace, Marcelo R.; Lima, André Carvalho

doi:10.1002/9781118392409.ch19

Cited by 95 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 140 publications

(135 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

157

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In comparison with trees and shrubs, lianas have much larger vessels and a lower vessel density; moreover, they combine soft and hard tissue characteristics, which ensure excellent water conduction, elasticity, and toughness. These traits are collectively termed lianescent properties [12]. In the present study, Cocculus orbiculatus had the longest collateral vascular bundles (cvb, Figure 1(a)) (2.7 -7.1 mm), longest rays (2.3 -6.0 mm) and widest rays (0.1 -1.2 mm) (Figure 1(d) and Figure 1(e)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Multiple types of cambial variants occur in the family Fabaceae, Malpighiaceae, and Sapindaceae. The Malpighiaceae, for instance, shows a remarkable diversity of cambial variants, including species with dissected xylem, caused by the proliferation of non-lignified parenchyma [12]. In the present study, we add the dissected xylem (dispersed xylem segments) as one of the single cambium.…”

Section: Cambial Variants Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cambial variants are divided into two major groups, namely, those derived from a single cambium and those derived from multiple cambia [12]. Single cambial variants are subdivided into five types: Multiple cambial variants are subdivided into four types.…”

Section: Cambial Variants Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the previous literature reports of cambial variants in angiosperm liana families [6]- [12], we reviewed all of the terms which used in describing the characteristics of stem transverse section to provide further identification and comparison, and a complete definition of endocarp characters follows the workers opinions (see Appendix 2).…”

Section: Cambial Variants In Lianasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The climbing stage involves the growth and development of a special internal structure of the liana stem, which is either variant or anomalous [6]. The morphological variation of liana stems is mainly associated with the geometry of the phloem and xylem structure, and the irregular shapes are classified into several types [6]- [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Cambial Variants in the Family Menispermaceae in Taiwan

Yang¹,

Chen²

2016

AJPS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anatomical data regarding the climbing modes and cambial variants of the stem transverse section in the Menispermaceae in Taiwan are lacking. Here, we examined the climbing modes and anomalous structure of climber stems in this family. Reviewing the previous reports of cambial variants in angiosperm liana families, a list of angiosperm liana families processing specified types of cambial variants and the terms based on description for the transverse section of a stem were provided. The results show that Cocculus laurifolius DC. is a shrub, Stephania cephalantha Hayata and Stephania longa Lour. are vines, and the remaining 13 species are lianas. In all species, the climbing mode was twining and dextrorse stems. The anomalous structure of the stem comprised successive cambia in Cocculus laurifolius, a combination of xylem in plates and dissected xylem in Cocculus orbiculatus (L.) DC., and xylem in plates in the remaining 14 species. In the genus Cyclea, parenchyma proliferation from the secondary xylem resulted in the development of 1 -3 linear lobes in each collateral vascular bundle. The vessel diameter of C. laurifolius is <50 μm which is the smallest size due to shrub in its life stage. C. orbiculatus had the longest collateral vascular bundles, longest rays and widest rays.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Cambial Variants Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cambial Variants Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cambial Variants In Lianasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cambial Variants in the Family Menispermaceae in Taiwan

Yang¹,

Chen²

2016

AJPS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Diversity, distribution, development, and evolution of medullary bundles in Nyctaginaceae

Neto

Pace

Douglas

et al. 2020

American J of Botany

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Premise Medullary bundles, i.e., vascular units in the pith, have evolved multiple times in vascular plants. However, no study has ever explored their anatomical diversity and evolution within a phylogenetic framework. Here, we investigated the development of the primary vascular system within Nyctaginaceae showing how medullary bundles diversified within the family. Methods Development of 62 species from 25 of the 31 genera of Nyctaginaceae in stem samples was thoroughly studied with light microscopy and micro‐computed tomography. Ancestral states were reconstructed using a maximum likelihood approach. Results Two subtypes of eusteles were found, the regular eustele, lacking medullary bundles, observed exclusively in representatives of Leucastereae, and the polycyclic eustele, containing medullary bundles, found in all the remaining taxa. Medullary bundles had the same origin and development, but the organization was variable and independent of phyllotaxy. Within the polycyclic eustele, medullary bundles developed first, followed by the formation of a continuous concentric procambium, which forms a ring of vascular bundles enclosing the initially formed medullary bundles. The regular eustele emerged as a synapomorphy of Leucastereae, while the medullary bundles were shown to be a symplesiomorphy for Nyctaginaceae. Conclusions Medullary bundles in Nyctaginaceae developed by a single shared pathway, that involved the departure of vascular traces from lateral organs toward the pith. These medullary bundles were encircled by a continuous concentric procambium that also constituted the polycyclic eustele, which was likely a symplesiomorphy for Nyctaginaceae with one single reversion to the regular eustele.

show abstract

Interspecific anatomical differences result in similar highly flexible stems in Bignoniaceae lianas

Gerolamo

Nogueira

Pace

et al. 2020

American J of Botany

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Premise Lianas are intriguing forest components in the tropics worldwide. They are characterized by thin and flexible stems, which have been related to a unique stem anatomy. Here, we hypothesized that the anatomical diversity of lianas, varying in shapes, proportions, and dimensions of tissues and cell types, would result in different stem bending stiffnesses across species. To test this hypothesis, we chose four abundant liana species of central Amazonia belonging to the monophyletic tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae) and compared their basal stems for their anatomical architectures and bending properties. Methods Measurements of anatomical architecture and bending stiffness (structural Young’s modulus) included light microscopy observations and three‐point bending tests, which were performed on basal stems of eight individuals from four Bignonieae species. All analyses, including comparisons among species and relationships between stem stiffness and anatomical architecture, were performed using linear models. Results Although the anatomical architecture of each species consists of different qualitative and quantitative combinations of both tissues and cell types in basal stems, all species analyzed showed similarly lower bending stiffnesses. This similarity was shown to be directly related to high bark contribution to the second moment of area, vessel area and ray width. Conclusions Similar values of stem bending stiffness were encountered in four liana species analyzed despite their variable anatomical architectures. This pattern provides new evidence of how different quantitative combinations of tissue and cell types in the basal stems of lianas can generate similarly low levels of stiffness in a group of closely related species.

show abstract

Liana anatomy: a broad perspective on structural evolution of the vascular system

Cited by 95 publications

References 140 publications

Cambial Variants in the Family Menispermaceae in Taiwan

Cambial Variants in the Family Menispermaceae in Taiwan

Diversity, distribution, development, and evolution of medullary bundles in Nyctaginaceae

Interspecific anatomical differences result in similar highly flexible stems in Bignoniaceae lianas

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About