Liana Assemblages in Tropical Forests of Africa and Southeast Asia: Diversity, Abundance, and Management

Addo‐Fordjour, Patrick; Rahmad, Zakaria B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14592-1_6

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…3b). In Nigeria, OAU campus forest was observed to have a significantly higher number of ferns ( 24) than Ikogosi warm spring forest (11). The same trend was also observed in all other diversity indices measured except the Simpson index (Table 2, Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Malaysia and Nigeria are both located within the tropics, yet they both differ in some climatic conditions. For instance, researches have reported that tropical forests in Africa receive lesser amount of rainfall than the ones of Southeast Asia [11,12]. In the same vein, the rainfall extends through the year in Southeast Asian tropical forests as compared with that of West Africa forests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercontinental comparison of ferns community assemblages in Malaysian and Nigerian tropical forests

Akomolafe

Rosazlina

Rahmad

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Research on ferns ecology has gained attention in the last decade, yet there is paucity of information on the intercontinental comparison of ferns community across two continents. This study focused on comparing the ferns community assemblages in tropical forests of Malaysia and Nigeria, thereby assessing the patterns of the species richness and diversity across the two continents. The diversity and taxonomic compositions of ferns were assessed using 180 plots of size 10 m x 10 m in each country. The species richness and other diversity indices were determined using the combined forests data for each country and for the individual forests. The observed and rarefied–extrapolated fern species richness are significantly higher in Malaysian forests than Nigerian forests. Also, the other diversity indices (Simpson index, Margalef index, and Fisher’s alpha) are significantly higher in Malaysian forests except Shannon index which showed no significant difference between the two biogeographic regions. There is a very low similarity in the taxonomic composition of ferns between the two biogeographic areas, although the similarity in composition increased with increasing taxonomic levels (genus and family levels). Terrestrial and epiphytic ferns are more dominant than the other life forms in the two countries. Since the two countries receive varying degrees of environmental factors, we then hypothesize that these observed differences are due to climatic differences as well as historical and evolutionary processes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental comparison of ferns community assemblages in Malaysian and Nigerian tropical forests

Akomolafe

Rosazlina

Rahmad

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Regarding the diversity of climbing mechanisms, twining was found to be the mechanism with the largest number of species, whereas simple scrambling was the one appearing in the largest number of families in our dataset. A higher diversity of twiners corroborates a trend that has been consistently shown in previous studies, regardless of geographic region (Putz, 1984; Putz & Chai, 1987; Hu et al ., 2010; Durigon et al ., 2014; Addo‐Fordjour & Rahmad, 2015; Addo‐Fordjour et al ., 2017), vegetation type (DeWalt et al ., 2000; Gianoli et al ., 2010; Durigon et al ., 2019), or phylogeny (Mohl, 1827; Palm, 1827; Darwin, 1865; Schenck, 1892; Gentry, 1991; Hegarty, 1991). The widespread distribution of simple scrambling in the phylogeny of angiosperms (Figs 1a, S5) indicates that this might be the easiest mechanism to evolve, since it requires little developmental and morphological changes (Sperotto et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climbing mechanisms and the diversification of neotropical climbing plants across time and space

Sperotto,

Roque,

Acevedo‐Rodríguez

et al. 2023

New Phytologist

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Summary Climbers germinate on the ground but need external support to sustain their stems, which are maintained attached to supports through modified organs, that is, climbing mechanisms. Specialized climbing mechanisms have been linked to higher diversification rates. Also, different mechanisms may have different support diameter restrictions, which might influence climbers' spatial distribution. We test these assumptions by linking climbing mechanisms to the spatiotemporal diversification of neotropical climbers. A dataset of climbing mechanisms is presented for 9071 species. WCVP was used to standardize species names, map geographical distributions, and estimate diversification rates of lineages with different mechanisms. Twiners appear concentrated in the Dry Diagonal of South America and climbers with adhesive roots in the Chocó region and Central America. However, climbing mechanisms do not significantly influence the distribution of neotropical climbers. Also, we found no strong support for correlations between specialized climbing mechanisms and higher diversification rates. Climbing mechanisms do not strongly impact the spatiotemporal diversification of neotropical climbers on a macroevolutionary scale. We argue that the climbing habit is a synnovation, meaning the spatiotemporal diversification it promotes is due to the sum effect of all the habit's traits rather than isolated traits, such as climbing mechanisms.

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“…Malaysia and Nigeria are both located within the tropics, yet they both differ in some climatic conditions. For instance, researchers have reported that tropical forests in Africa receive lower amount of rainfall which is usually between a specific period between May and September, than the ones of Southeast Asia which is almost throughout the year (Addo‐Fordjour & Rahmad, 2015 ; Malhi & Wright, 2004 ). This results in a higher relative humidity in Asian tropical forests than in African tropical forests (Lewis et al., 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of ferns community assemblages in some Malaysian and Nigerian tropical forests

Akomolafe

Rosazlina

Rahmad

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Research on fern ecology has gained attention in the last decade, yet there is a paucity of information on the comparison of ferns communities across continents. This study focused on comparing the ferns community assemblages in some tropical forests of Malaysia and Nigeria, thereby assessing the patterns of species richness (SR) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) in relation to the bioclimatic drivers across the continents. The diversity and taxonomic compositions of ferns were assessed using 180 plots of 10 m × 10 m in each country. The species richness and other diversity indices were determined using the combined forests data for each country and for the individual forests. Also, the phylogenetic diversity of the ferns was assessed using the genus‐based molecular sequences downloaded from the GeneBank. The patterns of the ferns SR and PD in the two countries as driven by some bioclimatic factors were evaluated using the regression analysis. The observed and rarefied–extrapolated fern species richness is significantly higher in Malaysian forests than in Nigerian forests. Also, the other diversity indices are significantly higher in Malaysian forests except for the Shannon index which showed no significant difference between the two biogeographic regions. There is a very low similarity (7.41%) in the taxonomic composition of ferns between the two biogeographic areas, although the similarity in composition increased with increasing taxonomic levels (species: 7.41%, genus: 12.77%, family: 70.96%). Terrestrial and epiphytic ferns are more dominant than the other life forms in the two countries. The precipitation variables drive the phylogenetic structure of ferns in Nigeria, whereas both precipitation and temperature variables drive the phylogenetic structure of ferns in Malaysia. This indicates that ferns assemblages in Nigeria and Malaysia are driven by both climatic variables. Besides, we also hypothesize that these observed differences could be due to other historical and evolutionary processes.

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Liana Assemblages in Tropical Forests of Africa and Southeast Asia: Diversity, Abundance, and Management

Cited by 9 publications

References 54 publications

Intercontinental comparison of ferns community assemblages in Malaysian and Nigerian tropical forests

Intercontinental comparison of ferns community assemblages in Malaysian and Nigerian tropical forests

Climbing mechanisms and the diversification of neotropical climbing plants across time and space

Patterns of ferns community assemblages in some Malaysian and Nigerian tropical forests

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