This paper describes data literacy and emphasizes its importance of data literacy. Data literacy is vital for researchers, who need to become data literate science workers and also for (potential) data management professionals. Its important characteristic is a close connection and similarity to information literacy. To support this argument, a review of literature was done on the importance of data, and the data-intensive paradigm of scientific research, researchers' expected and real behaviour, the nature of research data management, the possible roles of the academic library, data quality and data citation, Besides describing the nature of data literacy and enumerating the related skills, the application of phenomenographic approaches to data literacy and its relationship to the digital humanities have been identified as subjects for further investigations.