Lidocaine for prolonged and intensified spinal anesthesia by coadministration of propranolol in the rat

The impact of cardiovascular drugs on the efficacy of local anesthesia in dentistry

“…Study of Hyer et al 25 implied that β-receptor antagonists (propranolol) may also reduce skin blood flow and help extend the duration of anesthetic action, decrease local blood loss and restrict systemic absorption, too. Also, the other preclinical studies of Yu-Wen Chen et al 26 showed that coadministration of propranolol and lidocaine provided longer spinal anesthesia.…”

Epinephrine as adjuvant for propranolol produces a marked peripheral action in intensifying and prolonging analgesia in response to local dorsal cutaneous noxious pinprick in rats

“…Because propranolol and bupivacaine are Na þ channel blockers (Borgeat and Aguirre, 2010;Chidlow et al, 2000;Fabritz et al, 2014), they produce sciatic nerve blockade in mice (Leszczynska and Kau, 1992), elicit spinal anesthesia in rats (Chen et al, 2011b(Chen et al, , 2011c, and exhibit infiltrative anesthesia of skin in rats (Chen et al, 2012a). There are few cases where ultrashort regional anesthesia is needed, and for these they use 2-chloroprocaine or lidocaine clinically.…”

“…For instance, propranolol blocked the sciatic nerve in mice (Leszczynska and Kau, 1992). Our previous studies demonstrated that propranolol was similar to lidocaine at producing spinal anesthesia and elicited the longer action of spinal blockade than lidocaine in rats (Chen et al, 2011b(Chen et al, , 2011c.…”

Propranolol combined with dopamine has a synergistic action in intensifying and prolonging cutaneous analgesia in rats

“…Propranolol, the first clinically useful b-adrenergic receptor 14 antagonist, was introduced to the clinical practice in the treatment 15 of cardiovascular diseases [1,2], angina pectoris [3,4], infantile 16 haemangiomas [5,6], many neuropsychiatric disorders [7], dental 17 anxiety [8] and pulmonary hemangioma [9]. In addition, propran-18 olol suppressed neuronal voltage-gated sodium currents [10,11], 19 and therefore produced a local (termed topical) anesthetic effect 20 [2,3,12], including sciatic nerve block [12], spinal anesthesia 21 [13,14] and infiltrative cutaneous analgesia [15,16].…”

“…In addition, propran-18 olol suppressed neuronal voltage-gated sodium currents [10,11], 19 and therefore produced a local (termed topical) anesthetic effect 20 [2,3,12], including sciatic nerve block [12], spinal anesthesia 21 [13,14] and infiltrative cutaneous analgesia [15,16]. It has been 22 shown that the duration of local anesthesia with propranolol was 23 comparable to that of bupivacaine [15].…”