Life course epidemiology

Kuh, Diana

doi:10.1136/jech.57.10.778

Cited by 1,596 publications

(1,417 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Thus, an outcome in adulthood, such as weight gain, would be attributable to biological and social exposures operating during gestation, childhood, adolescence, young adulthood and later adult life (40) , for which a factor such as adult TV viewing might be a marker. Thus, in this example, adult TV viewing and leisure-time PA might be cross-sectional markers of an accumulated poor lifestyle rather than a causative factor in adult life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of increasing waist circumference in an Australian population

Walls

Magliano

McNeil

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To identify predictors of increasing waist circumference (WC) over a 5-year period in a contemporary population of Australian adults. Design: Longitudinal national cohort of adults participating in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab). Settings: Australian adults in 2000 and 2005. Subjects: A total of 2521 men and 2726 women aged $25 years at baseline who participated in AusDiab and provided anthropometric measurements at baseline (1999)(2000) and follow-up (2005). Results: A $5 % increase of baseline WC occurred in 27 % of men and 38 % of women over the 5-year period. In the multivariate analysis of the total population, there was a higher risk of $5 % gain in baseline WC in women, younger people, people with a lower baseline WC, people who never married compared with married/de facto, current smokers compared with never smokers, people with a poorer diet quality and people with a low energy intake. However, there was no significant association with many expected predictors of waist gain such as physical activity. There were some associations between other lifestyle factors and change of WC by sex, age, level of education and across WC categories, but the associations differed across these groups. Conclusions: A $5 % increase of baseline WC occurred in a significant proportion of men and women over the 5-year period. Of the behavioural factors, poor diet quality was the key predictor of the $5 % increase of baseline WC in this cohort. The findings highlight the need to understand better the causal role of lifestyle in regard to increasing WC over time. Keywords Waist circumferenceWeight gain Obesity Predictors DietRecent reports have shown faster increases in waist circumference (WC) than BMI (1,2) , suggesting that the nature of excess body weight may be changing over time to one of greater central adiposity, rather than a more peripheral distribution of body fat (1,2) . This has significant implications, considering that WC measures the central or abdominal distribution of excess body fat, which appears to be strongly correlated with metabolic and cardiovascular risk (3,4) . However, little is known about the drivers of increases in WC. Few studies have examined the predictors of increasing weight in adults, and we are not aware of any that have examined a range of behavioural lifestyle factors potentially predictive of abdominal weight gain. Table 1 summarises those studies exploring predictors of change in BMI, weight and/or WC. The only study we were able to source that explored behavioural predictors of change in WC examined a limited selection of predictors in women (5) . Previous cross-sectional analyses have found lifestyle factors such as higher television (TV) viewing time and lower levels of physical activity to be associated with higher WC (6)(7)(8)(9) , and studies analysing predictors of gain in BMI/weight have found associations with factors such as higher TV viewing time and lower levels of physical activity (5,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) . Sternfeld et al...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of increasing waist circumference in an Australian population

Walls

Magliano

McNeil

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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“…It could also be influenced by what happened between these points in time. In the life-course approach to health this is called cumulative exposure or accumulation of risk (Kuh et al, 2003). Here one focuses on the conditions during the whole life span, where people who are exposed to continuous harsh conditions are thought to become increasingly prone to disease.…”

Section: Accumulation Of Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulated occupational class and self-rated health. Can information on previous experience of class further our understanding of the social gradient in health?

Kjellsson

2013

Social Science & Medicine

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Previous research has shown a social gradient in health that suggests that better health is found for people in more advantaged positions in society. This research has mainly been focused on the relationship between social position in childhood and health or current position and health. However, little is known about the impact of positions held in between these two time-points. In this paper a potentially lasting health effect of occupational class positions is explored. The study starts with a description of the worklife biographies for people in different current class positions. Then goes on to investigate if the effect of current class is modified when including previous positions during adulthood, as well as how much extra information is gained by utilizing information on individual work histories. An association between accumulated experience of manual working class and self-rated health is found. Also, when controlling for accumulated class experience, the social gradient for current class is no longer significant. Furthermore, even for non-manual employees the odds of reporting less than good self-rated health is increasing with each added year of previous manual experience. This suggests that the social gradient in health is more complex than just a matter of current social position influencing current health, and that the effects would potentially be modified if the full complexity of life-time social positions were taken into account.

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“…Since Barker's original work, an entire theoretical framework, several models, a range of concepts connected with this theoretical framework, and other complementary as well as competing life hypotheses have emerged. Such hypotheses include the accumulation of risk hypothesis in several forms including accumulation of risk over time and accumulation of risk over time by clustering of risk factors over time, birth cohort effects, chains of risk models and several variants of the critical period hypothesis (Ben-Schlomo and Kuh, 2002;Kuh et al, 2003). Two main life course hypotheses other than the critical period hypothesis are the accumulation of risk and social mobility hypotheses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic stress in childhood and adulthood, and poor psychological health: Three life course hypotheses

Lindström

Fridh

2014

Psychiatry Research

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Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Lindström, M., Fridh, M., & Rosvall, M. (2014). Economic stress in childhood and adulthood, and poor psychological health: Three life course hypotheses. Psychiatry Research, 215(2), 386-393. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations adjusting for age, country of birth, socioeconomic status, emotional support, instrumental support and trust, and stratifying by sex. The accumulation hypothesis was confirmed because combined childhood and adulthood exposures to economic stress were associated with poor psychological health in a graded manner. The social mobility hypothesis was also confirmed. The critical period hypothesis was not confirmed because both childhood and adulthood economic stress remained significantly associated with poor psychological health in adulthood. Economic stress in childhood is associated with mental health in adulthood.

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Life course epidemiology

Cited by 1,596 publications

References 47 publications

Predictors of increasing waist circumference in an Australian population

Predictors of increasing waist circumference in an Australian population

Accumulated occupational class and self-rated health. Can information on previous experience of class further our understanding of the social gradient in health?

Economic stress in childhood and adulthood, and poor psychological health: Three life course hypotheses

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