Life Course Health Development in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Drmic, Irene; Szatmári, Péter; Volkmar, Fred R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47143-3_11

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 219 publications

(344 reference statements)

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“…Although the cause of ASD and ADHD remains largely unknown, a complex interaction of multiple factors is thought to contribute to the development of both conditions, generally persisting into adulthood . Both disorders have been found to be associated with psychosocial functional impairments and a range of adverse outcomes in patients and their families …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality in Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

et al. 2022

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IMPORTANCE Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are childhood-onset disorders that may persist into adulthood. Several studies have suggested that they may be associated with an increased risk of mortality; however, the results are inconsistent.OBJECTIVE To assess the risk of mortality among persons with ASD or ADHD and their first-degree relatives.DATA SOURCES A search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO (published from inception to April 1, 2021) was supplemented by searching reference lists of the retrieved articles.STUDY SELECTION Cohort and case-control studies that reported mortality rate ratios (RRs) in persons with ASD or ADHD and/or their first-degree relatives compared with the general population or those without ASD/ADHD were included.DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by at least 2 researchers independently. A random-effects model was used to meta-analyze individual studies and assessed heterogeneity (I 2 ). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESAll-cause mortality in association with ASD or ADHD. Secondary outcome was cause-specific mortality.RESULTS Twenty-seven studies were included, with a total of 642 260 individuals. All-cause mortality was found to be higher for persons with ASD (154 238 participants; 12 studies; RR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.97-2.85; I 2 , 89%; moderate confidence) and persons with ADHD (396 488 participants; 8 studies; RR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.13-4.02; I 2 , 98%; low confidence) than for the general population. Among persons with ASD, deaths from natural causes (4 studies; RR, 3.80; 95% CI, 2.06-7.01; I 2 , 96%; low confidence) and deaths from unnatural causes were increased (6 studies; RR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.49-4.18; I 2 , 95%; low confidence). Among persons with ADHD, deaths from natural causes were not significantly increased (4 studies; RR, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.89-2.96; I 2 , 88%; low confidence), but deaths from unnatural causes were higher than expected (10 studies; RR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.73-4.55; I 2 , 92%; low confidence).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This systematic review and meta-analysis found that ASD and ADHD are associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality. Understanding the mechanisms of these associations may lead to targeted strategies to prevent avoidable deaths in high-risk groups. The substantial heterogeneity between studies should be explored further.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality in Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

et al. 2022

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“…Low quality of life (QoL) is a primary problem in autistic adults [Van Heijst & Geurts, ; Ayres et al, ] and improving scientific insight into this phenomenon is urgent. Our current understanding of longitudinal trajectories of QoL in autistic adults, however, remains limited [Drmic, Szatmari, & Volkmar, ]. This is the case for at least two reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep determines quality of life in autistic adults: A longitudinal study

et al. 2019

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Many individuals with autism report generally low quality of life (QoL). Identifying predictors for pathways underlying this outcome is an urgent priority. We aim to examine multivariate patterns that predict later subjective and objective QoL in autistic individuals. Autistic characteristics, comorbid complaints, aspects of daily functioning, and demographics were assessed online in a 2‐year longitudinal study with 598 autistic adults. Regression trees were fitted to baseline data to identify factors that could predict QoL at follow‐up. We found that sleep problems are an important predictor of later subjective QoL, while the subjective experience of a person's societal contribution is important when it comes to predicting the level of daily activities. Sleep problems are the most important predictor of QoL in autistic adults and may offer an important treatment target for improving QoL. Our results additionally suggest that social satisfaction can buffer this association. Autism Research 2019, 12: 794–801. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Many individuals with autism report generally low quality of life (QoL). In this study, we looked at factors that predict long‐term QoL and found that sleep problems are highly influential. Our results additionally suggest that social satisfaction can buffer this influence. These findings suggest that sleep and social satisfaction could be monitored to increase QoL in autistic adults.

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“…This loneliness persists into adulthood, being associated with decreased life satisfaction and self-esteem, and increased depression and anxiety (Mazurek, 2014). Improving outcomes of adults with ASD is an ongoing challenge and there have been calls to review intervention approaches, particularly during adolescence (Drmic et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Core Elements of Strength-Based Technology Programs for Youth on the Autism Spectrum: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence

Jones

Falkmer

Milbourn

et al. 2022

Rev J Autism Dev Disord

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Strength-based programs that incorporate technology have gained increasing popularity as an approach to improve outcomes for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite this, the core elements of strength-based technology programs remain poorly described. This study aimed to identify the core elements of strength-based technology programs for youth with ASD through a systematic review of the literature. Electronic databases were searched for qualitative studies delivering strength-based technology-driven interventions to youth on the spectrum. Ten of the 874 studies identified met the criteria. Qualitative analysis revealed three core elements of strength-based technology programs for this population: mutual respect, demonstrating skills, and interests. The findings underpin the design of future strength-based technology programs for youth with ASD.

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Life Course Health Development in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Cited by 12 publications

References 219 publications

Mortality in Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Mortality in Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Sleep determines quality of life in autistic adults: A longitudinal study

The Core Elements of Strength-Based Technology Programs for Youth on the Autism Spectrum: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence

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