Life Cycle Analysis of Charcoal Production in Masonry Kilns with and without Carbonization Process Generated Gas Combustion

Santos, Sueli de Fátima de Oliveira Miranda; Piekarski, Cassiano Moro; Ugaya, Cássia Maria Lie; Donato, Danilo Barros; Júnior, Aldo Braghini; Francisco, Antônio Carlos de; Carvalho, Ana Márcia Macêdo Ladeira

doi:10.3390/su9091558

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The study by Berrill et al [15] identified that the increase in renewable sources such as wind and solar in Europe will create positive aspects besides reducing GHG emissions in the coming years. Following this, Miranda-Santos et al [35] worked on stimulating public policies on production sources with lower environmental impacts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint of Electricity Generation in Brazil: An Analysis of the 2016–2026 Period

2018

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The present paper aims to evaluate the past and future environmental performance of the electricity generation in Brazil in terms of Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Global Temperature Potential (GTP). To that end, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) tool was used to evaluate the system's environmental performance, based on ISO 14040 and ISO 14044, using the Ecoinvent v 3.3 database. This study provides data on global warming by the GWP and GTP 100 years impact category. The functional unit and reference flow is kWh. The model was applied to the electricity generation in Brazil for the years 2016-2026 using Umberto NXT Universal software. The results indicate that the greatest environmental impacts lie on generation sources such as oil, natural gas, hydropower and hard coal. Carbon dioxide was the main contributor to atmospheric emissions in the life cycle of the Brazilian electricity matrix in 2016 and 2026. The total potential impact (and per kWh) is expected to decrease until 2021. The Brazilian electricity matrix is expected to be less pollutant in terms of carbon footprint until 2021. The study can contribute to directing public policies, promoting development actions and encouraging different electricity matrices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint of Electricity Generation in Brazil: An Analysis of the 2016–2026 Period

2018

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“…The remaining emissions are generated by the combustion of diesel fuel (transport) and electricity production. A similar ratio is given for charcoal production, where ≈61% of GHG emissions are emitted during charcoal production, and the remaining 39% occurred during its usage [40]. Unsustainable biomass growth can decrease savings related to CO 2 emissions.…”

Section: Reductantsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Life Cycle Assessment of Renewable Reductants in the Ferromanganese Alloy Production: A Review

2021

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This study examined the literature on life cycle assessment on the ferromanganese alloy production route. The environmental impacts of raw material acquisition through the production of carbon reductants to the production of ferromanganese alloys were examined and compared. The transition from the current fossil fuel-based production to a more sustainable production route was reviewed. Besides the environmental impact, policy and socioeconomic impacts were considered due to evaluation course of differences in the production routes. Charcoal has the potential to substantially replace fossil fuel reductants in the upcoming decades. The environmental impact from current ferromanganese alloy production can be reduced by ≥20% by the charcoal produced in slow pyrolysis kilns, which can be further reduced by ≥50% for a sustainable production in high-efficient retorts. Certificated biomass can ensure a sustainable growth to avoid deforestation and acidification of the environment. Although greenhouse gas emissions from transport are low for the ferromanganese alloy production, they may increase due to the low bulk density of charcoal and the decentralized production of biomass. However, centralized charcoal retorts can provide additional by-products or biofuel and ensure better product quality for the industrial application. Further upgrading of charcoal can finally result in a CO2 neutral ferromanganese alloy production for the renewable power supply.

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“…Although the carbonization temperature can be recorded and the physicochemical properties of the charcoal may be homogeneous when using masonry and mud kilns, avoidance of the release of pyrolysis gases into the atmosphere is one of the selection criteria (Table 1). Unlike mud kilns, the retorts and converters can be adapted to recover energy and other products from the pyrolysis gases (e.g., liquid condensates, tars, and syngas) while avoiding the direct release of pyrolysis gases into the atmosphere [54]. Nonetheless, retorts and converters are tailored for the use of forest biomass as feedstock (e.g., logs, large pieces of wood).…”

Section: Technological Alternatives For the Conversion Of Agricultural Waste Into Biochar In The Studied Farmers' Cooperativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-Increases methane yield when used as an additive in anaerobic digestion systems. [53,54,[90][91][92] Green infrastructure -When used as a substrate in rooftop and vertical gardens, decreases the weight and corresponding load of these infrastructures. -Preserves the ecosystems services linked to urban greenery (when used as a soil conditioner).…”

Section: Potential Applications Of Biochar In the Neamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for Farmers’ Cooperatives to Convert Coffee Husks into Biochar and Promote the Bioeconomy in the North Ecuadorian Amazon

Salgado

Säumel

Cianferoni³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Improving the livelihoods of communities living in fragile ecosystems, such as tropical forests, is among the main strategies to promote their conservation and preserve wildlife. In the Ecuadorian Amazon, farmers’ cooperatives are recognized as an important mechanism to improve the socioeconomic conditions of local communities. This study analyzes the integration of pyrolysis processes to convert agricultural waste into biochar as a way to implement the bioeconomy in these organizations. We found that post-harvesting processes in the studied farmers’ cooperatives are similar, and coffee husks are a potential feedstock to produce biochar. Although the environmental policies in Ecuador consider the valorization of agricultural waste, we did not find any specific standard to regulate the operation of pyrolysis facilities. Nonetheless, conversion of agricultural waste into biochar can contribute to (i) replacement of subsidized fossil fuels used in drying processes, (ii) prevention of environmental pollution caused by accumulation of waste, (iii) emergence of new income sources linked with the provision of carbon sequestration services, and (iv) the long-term maintenance of soil fertility. Currently, demonstration projects are needed to stimulate collaboration among farmers’ cooperatives, academia, the government, international cooperation agencies, and existing forest conservation initiatives.

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Life Cycle Analysis of Charcoal Production in Masonry Kilns with and without Carbonization Process Generated Gas Combustion

Cited by 34 publications

References 32 publications

Carbon Footprint of Electricity Generation in Brazil: An Analysis of the 2016–2026 Period

Carbon Footprint of Electricity Generation in Brazil: An Analysis of the 2016–2026 Period

Life Cycle Assessment of Renewable Reductants in the Ferromanganese Alloy Production: A Review

Potential for Farmers’ Cooperatives to Convert Coffee Husks into Biochar and Promote the Bioeconomy in the North Ecuadorian Amazon

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