Life-cycle analysis of energy and greenhouse gas emissions of automotive fuels in India: Part 2 – Well-to-wheels analysis

Patil, Vikram C.; Shastry, Varun; Himabindu, M.; Ravikrishna, RV

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2015.11.076

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Patil et al [15] present WTW analysis of automotive fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in India. Complete Well-to-Wheel results show that diesel vehicles are the most efficient of all configurations, specifically the diesel hybrid electric vehicle.…”

Section: Well-to-wheel Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Análise do poço a roda das emissões de gases do efeito estufa em veículo elétricos- revisão crítica

Sinigaglia¹,

Martins²

2021

Blucher Engineering Proceedings

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The growing environmental concern has led to the search for new energy and powertrain systems. Electric vehicles (EVs) are emerging as a promising and sustainable alternative. EVs can be classified as Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs).The Well-to-Wheel (WTW) analysis assesses the total primary energy consumed by the vehicle for each kWh of energy supplied to the vehicle's wheels, comprising all stages covered by the well-to-tank conversion path and, later, by the conversion of energy on board from the tank to the wheels.This study intends to carry out an analysis under the WTW perspective comparing EVs to conventional vehicles, under the viewpoint of GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions. A search will be carried out in the Scopus database, to select articles, between the years 2002 and 2020 (08/may), with the keywords: well-to-wheel and greenhouse gas emissions and electric vehicle.The electricity generation mix, the source of hydrogen production, the technologies for producing electricity or hydrogen, the losses during transmission and distribution of energy, the battery technologies, the attitude of ecological driving and the autonomy of the vehicle are all important factors that have great influence on GHG emissions. Only the introduction of electric vehicles in countries does not guarantee a reduction in GHG, being necessary to analyze the entire life cycle. TIAGO SINIGAGLIA -Mechanical engineer, Master of Production Engineering (UFSM, 2018) and Doctoral Student in the Graduate Program in Production Engineering-UFSM. Develops research focused on sustainable mobility, electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles.

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Section: Well-to-wheel Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the main justification for the increase in the number of electric vehicles is their potential to reduce GHG emissions, then studies that prove this advantage are very important. The WTW analysis has been an effective tool in the assessment of energy use and the impact of GHG emissions from alternative options of powertrain systems [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Análise do poço a roda das emissões de gases do efeito estufa em veículo elétricos- revisão crítica

Sinigaglia¹,

Martins²

2021

Blucher Engineering Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Well-To-Tank (WTT) studies are suitable to determine the amount of energy needed to produce fuels which can be bought at petrol stations. Several studies were made to determine energy consumption during the refinery process in different regions (countries) [48][49][50]. The results for energy consumption in the EU in the process for diesel and gasoline fuels' production are presented in Table 2.…”

Section: Energy Requirements For Fuels' Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electricity used in the refining process is usually produced at the refinery power plant from fuels like furnace oil. Purchased electricity represents less than 5% of the energy consumed during the refinery process [48][49][50]. According to a JRC study [48], around a half of the energy used in WTT is used in the fuel refinery process.…”

Section: Energy Requirements For Fuels' Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why we should invest further in the development of internal combustion engines for road applications

Lešnik

Kegl

Cruz

2020

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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The majority of on-road vehicles today are powered by internal combustion engines, which are, in most cases, burning petroleum-derived liquid fuels mixed with bio-components. The power to weight ratio of internal combustion engines combined with the high energy content of conventional fuels, which can be refilled easily in matter of minutes, makes them ideal for all kinds of road transportation. Since the introduction of EURO emissions norms, the emissions from the Transport sector in the European Union have undergone significant reduction. There are several alternatives to fossil fuels with similar properties, which can replace their usage in the Transport sector. The main focus of research in recent decades has been on biofuels, which can be produced from several sources. The production of biofuels is usually energy more intensive than production of fossil fuels, but their usage can contribute to emission reduction in the Transport sector. In recent years, a lot of effort was also put into promotion of electric vehicles as zero emissions vehicles. This statement should be reconsidered, since the greenhouse impact of electrical vehicles is not negligible. Conversely, in some cases, an electrical vehicle can have an even higher emission impact than modern vehicles with sophisticated internal combustion engines. This is characteristic for countries where the majority of the electricity is produced in coal power plants. With the decrease of greenhouse gas emissions in the Electricity Production sector, and with the increase of battery capacity, the role of electric vehicles in the Transport sector will probably increase. Despite significant research and financial investments in electric vehicles development, the transport sector in near future will be mostly powered by internal combustion engines and petroleum-derived liquid fuels. The amount of pollution from transport sector will be further regulated with stricter emission norms combined with smaller amount of alternative fuel usage.

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“…They showed that CNG buses consumes 14% less energy and produce 28% less GHGs than a counterpart diesel vehicle. Likewise Patil et al [30] conducted a country specific WtW analysis of automotive fuels for India. Specifically, 28 vehicle/fuel configurations of a subcompact passenger car were selected for a detailed analysis in the Indian context.…”

Section: Review Of the State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle (well-to-wheel) energy and environmental assessment of natural gas as transportation fuel in Pakistan

et al. 2019

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Consumers and organizations worldwide are searching for low-carbon alternatives to conventional gasoline and diesel vehicles to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and their impact on the environment. Natural gas as an alternative transportation fuel has made significant inroads in the light and heavy duty vehicles market over the last fifteen years. In a sustainable development view, both vehicle emissions and energy supply chain analysis from well-to-wheel must be addressed. The aim of this research is to provide a Well-to-Wheel (WtW) assessment of energy consumptions and GHG emissions for 25 combinations of automotive fuel and matching powertrain systems, with a special focus on the natural gas pathways. Although several well-towheel studies available in literature are comprehensive in relation to developed countries' conditions, it is problematic to apply the results to developing countries fuel markets, since the local fuel conditions and respective vehicle powertrain technologies are considerably different. This study deal with a comparative well-to-wheel analysis of natural gas, diesel and gasoline fuels looking at the Pakistanis situation but the models and approaches for this study can be applied to other countries having similar characteristics, as long as all the assumptions are well defined and modified to find a substitute automotive energy source and establish an energy policy in a specific region. The well-to-tank step was made using the GREET model, developed by the U.S. Argonne National Laboratory while tank-to-wheel analysis was performed using AVL Cruise, a commercially-available backward vehicle simulator. Later both stages were integrated in a well-to-wheel stage where relevant indexes were proposed and discussed. The results indicate that natural gas vehicles are 5-17% and 23-36% less fuel efficient, depending on the engine technology employed as compared to gasoline and diesel powertrain, respectively. Natural gas appears as an environmental efficient pathway regarding GHG emissions, especially compared to gasoline. In addition, using 20-year GWPs instead of 100-year GWPs increases WtW GHG emissions by 19-26% for natural gas pathways.

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Life-cycle analysis of energy and greenhouse gas emissions of automotive fuels in India: Part 2 – Well-to-wheels analysis

Cited by 39 publications

References 9 publications

Análise do poço a roda das emissões de gases do efeito estufa em veículo elétricos- revisão crítica

Análise do poço a roda das emissões de gases do efeito estufa em veículo elétricos- revisão crítica

Why we should invest further in the development of internal combustion engines for road applications

Life cycle (well-to-wheel) energy and environmental assessment of natural gas as transportation fuel in Pakistan

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