Life cycle assessment and cost analysis of fly ash–rice husk ash blended alkali-activated concrete

Fernando, Sarah; Gunasekara, Chamila; Law, David W.; Nasvi, M. C. M.; Setunge, Sujeeva; Dissanayake, Ranjith

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113140

Cited by 84 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Raza and Zhong [ 5 ] also reiterated some additional material and transportation impacts since most geopolymer activators and precursors are generally obtained from industrial by-products with no well-established single source. Therefore, since the transportation of raw materials produces 7–8% of the total emissions of their manufacturing process [ 21 ], obtaining geopolymer materials from various sources and taking them to be produced in a single controlled factory elevates their negative transportation impacts. Thus, this paper evaluates the viability of developing a geopolymer concrete using a laboratory-synthesised SF-derived SS solution in combination with NaOH as an alternative binary alkali-alkaline activator to GGBS at normal atmospheric conditions (20 ± 2 °C) and examines the impacts of varying A/P and SS/SH ratios on the engineering performance of the developed geopolymer concrete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Mechanical Evaluation of Geopolymer Concrete Activated by Sodium Hydroxide and Silica Fume-Synthesised Sodium Silicate Solution

et al. 2023

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Commercial sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (SS) have remained two of the leading alkaline activators widely used in producing geopolymer concrete, despite some identified negatives regarding their availability and additional CO2 emissions relating to the overall manufacturing process. This study reports the viability of developing geopolymer concrete using a laboratory-synthesised silica fume (SF)-derived SS solution in combination with NaOH at a molarity of 10M as an alternative binary alkali-alkaline activator to Ground Granulated Blast Furnace slag (GGBS). The use of SF in the development of geoolymer activators will pave the way for the quality usage of other high-silica content by-products from nature, industry, and agriculture. In the currently reported proof of concept, four geopolymer concrete batches were produced using different alkaline activator/precursor-A/P ratios (0.5 and 0.9) and SS to NaOH-SS/SH volume ratios (0.8/1.2 and 1.2/0.8), to establish the impact on the engineering performance. Two controls were adopted for ordinary and geopolymer concrete mixes. The engineering performance was assessed using slump and compaction index (CI) tests, while the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and tensile splitting (TS) tests were measured at different curing ages in accordance with their appropriate standards. The results indicated a reduction in slump values as the A/P ratio decreased, while the CI values showed a reversal of the identified trend in slump. Consequently, mix GC2 attained the highest UCS strength gain (62.6 MPa), displaying the superiority of the alkali activation and polymerisation process over the CSH gel. Furthermore, the impact of A/P variation on the UCS was more pronounced than SS/SH due to its vital contribution to the overall geopolymerisation process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Mechanical Evaluation of Geopolymer Concrete Activated by Sodium Hydroxide and Silica Fume-Synthesised Sodium Silicate Solution

et al. 2023

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“…Koneru et al [ 7 ] reported that the consideration of only low purchase price and the ignorance of the requirements for the reliability, maintainability, safety, and environmental protection of medical equipment result in frequent medical equipment faults and even become the cause of medical negligence. After the occurrence of the faults and medical negligence, the amount of the investment needed to solve the problems is often greater [ 8 ]. The daily business data in each information system of hospitals, including the data on the benefits from patients' use of larger medical equipment, equipment usage data, and equipment operation, maintenance data, and other direct data, are combined with the auxiliary data, such as hospital human capital and energy consumption, to implement the quantitative evaluation and analysis of the utilization of large medical equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Effectiveness of Life Cycle Cost Theory-Based Large Medical Equipment

Chang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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The purpose of this study is to use the life cycle cost theory to analyze the efficiency of large medical equipment in hospitals, so as to implement life cycle cost (LCC) management and solve the current problems in hospitals. The analysis model of cost benefit of large medical equipment is established, and the cost-effectiveness of 4 large medical equipment between 2019 and 2021 is investigated and analyzed. In terms of the data in each information system of hospitals, the utilization of large medical equipment is quantitatively evaluated and analyzed by life cycle theory. The results show that the Revolution 256 row has the highest revenue of 113.29%. The annual depreciation of Signa 3.0 T HDxt is the highest, amounting to 4,160,000 yuan. However, there is lack of quality control and preventive maintenance of most equipment during use. The cost and benefit of large medical equipment in hospitals are analyzed, which demonstrates that Signa 3.0 T HDxt shows better effectiveness. Too high hospital warranty cost reflects the weak maintenance strength of hospital engineering technicians. The fundamental point of the maintenance and management of large medical equipment is to strengthen the performance evaluation of medical engineering technicians.

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“…Rice husk (RH) is not only a typical agricultural byproduct but also a rich, sustainable, and high-quality biomass resource. RH-based carbon materials can be employed for multiple uses, including biological adsorbent for dyes, heavy metal and pesticide residues, − mortar and concrete additives in building materials, − biological composite with starch, etc. In particular, RH-based carbon materials showed promising applications in electrochemistry, − mainly attributed to their composition and properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One/Two-Step Contribution to Prepare Hierarchical Porous Carbon Derived from Rice Husk for Supercapacitor Electrode Materials

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Grain processing generates vast amounts of agricultural byproducts, and biomass porous carbon electrode materials based on this have attracted broad research interests. Rice husk (RH) is one of the promising feedstocks owing to its good abundance and cheap price. Here, a RH-based porous carbon (RHPC) material was successfully prepared using first-step carbonization and second-step decalcification. The influence of carbonization temperature and decalcification treatment on the structure and electrochemical properties of the RH-based carbon materials were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis, hydrogen element analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical performance tests were used to characterize and analyze the prepared RH-based carbon materials. After carbonization at 1000 °C (RH-1000) and decalcification treatment, RHPC-1000 showed the highest specific surface area of 643.48 m 3 /g and the largest pore volume of 0.52 cm 3 /g, which were about 1.8 times and 2.5 times that of RH-1000, respectively. RHPC-1000 also possessed a high capacitance retention capability of 97.2% after 10 000 charge−discharge cycles. The results demonstrated the excellent capacitive behavior and superior electrochemical performance of RHPC-1000. In summary, this study reveals a simple and effective preparation method of biomass porous carbon for supercapacitor electrode materials and provides new insight into the high-value utilization of waste biomass resources.

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Life cycle assessment and cost analysis of fly ash–rice husk ash blended alkali-activated concrete

Cited by 84 publications

References 22 publications

Physico-Mechanical Evaluation of Geopolymer Concrete Activated by Sodium Hydroxide and Silica Fume-Synthesised Sodium Silicate Solution

Physico-Mechanical Evaluation of Geopolymer Concrete Activated by Sodium Hydroxide and Silica Fume-Synthesised Sodium Silicate Solution

Cost-Effectiveness of Life Cycle Cost Theory-Based Large Medical Equipment

One/Two-Step Contribution to Prepare Hierarchical Porous Carbon Derived from Rice Husk for Supercapacitor Electrode Materials

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