Life stress, social support, and anxiety in mid‐ and late‐pregnancy among low income women

Norbeck, Jane S.; Anderson, Nancy

doi:10.1002/nur.4770120503

Cited by 108 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Scores are ranged between 0-56 sets. It should be noted that 7 questions as positive concepts (4,5,6,7,9,10,13) are reverse (4 = never, 3 = little, 2 = moderate, much = 1, too much = 0).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, realizing an event and assessment of the adequacy of coping with stressful source, describes the hybrid concept of stress. 7 How do the stressful life events affect the physical and psychological health seriously have yet to be questioned. 8 Coping with stress influences the three factors of physical, psychological, and social performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between Health Promoting Lifestyle and Perceived Stress in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia

Malakouti¹,

Sehhati²,

Mirghafourvand³

et al. 2015

J Caring Sci

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Article Type: Original Article Introduction: Lifestyle during pregnancy has long-term effects on health of mother and child. Having previous illness or unexpected maternal or fetal conditions such as preeclampsia can complicate pregnancy and interfere with health-promoting behaviors and cause stress might interfere with health-promoting behaviors. This study was carried out to examine the relationship between health-promoting lifestyles and perceived stress in women with preeclampsia. Methods: This study is a descriptive correlation design that was conducted on 182 pregnant women with preeclampsia attending in the high risk clinics of Al-Zahra and Talegani hospitals in Tabriz 2014. Data gathering tools were three: demographics, health-promoting lifestyle (HPLP-II), and perceived stress questionnaires. SPSS Ver. 13 was used for data analysis. Results: The mean (SD) of health promoting lifestyle among pregnant women with preeclampsia was 2.4 (0.4). Among the dimensions of health promoting life style, the highest mean score was for sub domain of nutrition, i.e. 2.8 (0.5), and the lowest score was achieved by the sub-domains of physical activity, i.e. 1.5 (0.5).The mean (SD) score of perceived stress was 27.3 (7.1). There was reverse relationship between perceived stress and health -promoting behaviors. Conclusion: Based upon the results, health promoting behaviors were decreased by increment of perceived stress. Therefore, midwives can help women with preeclampsia by promoting health behaviors to reduce their stress and increase health-promoting behaviors.

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“…Scores are ranged between 0-56 sets. It should be noted that 7 questions as positive concepts (4,5,6,7,9,10,13) are reverse (4 = never, 3 = little, 2 = moderate, much = 1, too much = 0).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Health Promoting Lifestyle and Perceived Stress in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia

Malakouti¹,

Sehhati²,

Mirghafourvand³

et al. 2015

J Caring Sci

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show abstract

“…The results support the goal of early identification and intervention to reduce the detrimental outcomes of increased life stress, low social support, and emotional disequilibrium. Norbeck & Anderson (1989) addressed the multivariate effects of life stress, social support, and anxiety during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Social support was 9 found to buffer the negative effects of anxiety, and the combination of high life stress and low social support were associated with the highest states of anxiety (Norbeck & Anderson).…”

Section: Research Support Psychosocial Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Assess the stress: Identifying psychosocial risk to optimize perinatal outcomes in military gravids"

Arabia¹

2002

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, (Logsdon, 2000;Norbeck & Tilden, 1983).This can lead to stress, which directly and indirectly affects maternal and fetal well being.Complications Although extensive research has been conducted over the past 30 years validating the link between psychosocial factors and perinatal outcomes, little attention is given to these in the perinatal setting. Obstetrical providers are still relying on biomedical and demographic information alone to determine perinatal risk.Women in the military are a vulnerable population at risk for antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum complications (Magann & Nolan, 1991;Rosen & Evans, 2000). The lack of social support due to geographic separation from family, friends, and often times, partners, seems to be contributory to their risk. This is significant since studies have shown that social support can buffer the detrimental effects of stress.The purpose of the proposed innovation is twofold. One, to heighten military provider awareness of the impact stress and psychosocial variables have on perinatal outcomes. Two, to incorporate psychosocial risk assessment and strategies to counter those risks throughout routine prenatal care.The proposed innovation will be a one-day continuing education program to 50-60 OB/GYN physicians, residents, nurse practitioners, clinical nurses, medical technicians, and inpatient nurse managers providing care at Wilford Hall Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas. The innovation will continue over 12 months by utilizing The Prenatal Psychosocial Profile (PPP) at least three times over the course of the pregnancy to assess stress, social support, and self-esteem. Formal documentation and intervention strategies will be readily accessible to providers.Evaluation of the program will include pre-and post-attitudinal questionnaires along with a program evaluation. A follow-up questionnaire will be administered at one year to all healthcare personnel providing OB/GYN services to evaluate the acceptance of psychosocial evaluation and input for the decision making process to accept, modify, or adopt the innovation. Evaluation will also include review of prenatal records at three, six, and twelve months to determine if the PPP is being utilized, psychosocial risks are being addressed, and appropriate interventions are being recommended.

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“…It is found out that being a younger woman and a single mother, living in a disadvantaged neighborhood, an unintended pregnancy, and having long-term physical and psychological health problems are correlated with prenatal anxiety (Henderson & Redshaw, 2013). While the process of pregnancy is a condition that causes physiological, familial, occupational and emotional distress that requires adjustment; for women with low income, the requirements are perceived to be even harsher (Norbeck & Anderson, 1989;Ritter, Hobfoll, Lavin, Cameron, & Hulsizer, 2000).Whereas having a child in the family is a source of stress, in some conditions (such as high-risk pregnancy), stress increases even more (Kemp & Hatmaker, 1989). High-risk pregnancy is described as any condition that negatively affects the health of the mother or the fetus and both of their well-being (Cunningham et al, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Women with Risk-free and High-Risk Pregnancy and Family Resilience

Cihan¹,

Gumus²,

Erkenekli³

2017

JPBS

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System theory argues that every family is a system and all experience certain developmental risks/challenges which affect the balance of the family. Pregnancy can be considered as a developmental risk and a challenge that a family may encounter. The first aim of the study is to reveal the factors that contribute to their resilience during the process of pregnancy especially when they experience problematic situations. The second aim is to compare whether certain factors change in accordance with group type (risk-free and high-risk pregnancy). One-hundred ninety-two participants took part in the study, (Age Mean= 28.65, SD= 5.90). There were 105 women in risk-free pregnancy and 87 in high risk pregnancy group. Together with demographics, an open-ended questions was asked. The results of content analysis include two basic themes which were social support and beliefs systems. There were six categories under the theme of social support (spouse support, family support, relative support, friend support, doctor support, and child support). Meanwhile, there are two categories under the theme of belief systems (religious belief and positive outlook). The comparison based on social support and positive outlook showed no difference among the groups. Only significant difference was evidenced in religious belief among the groups, high-risk pregnant women emphasized more religious belief. Finally, according to age and abortion experience, significant differences were found among groups. First, high-risk pregnant women were older than risk-free group, second, high-risk pregnant women emphasized greater number of abortion experiences. The findings were discussed in the light of relevant literature.Keywords: family resilience, content analysis, high-risk pregnancy, risk-free pregnancy Although women describe the process of pregnancy as a pleasing condition, changes and necessities during this period, and the social context in which pregnancy occurs increase women's anxiety and stress (Guardino & Schetter, 2014). The sources of this anxiety and stress might vary such as concern for the baby's state of health, impending childbirth and future parenthood responsibilities (Lobel, Hamilton, & Cannella, 2008). It is found out that being a younger woman and a single mother, living in a disadvantaged neighborhood, an unintended pregnancy, and having long-term physical and psychological health problems are correlated with prenatal anxiety (Henderson & Redshaw, 2013). While the process of pregnancy is a condition that causes physiological, familial, occupational and emotional distress that requires adjustment; for women with low income, the requirements are perceived to be even harsher (Norbeck & Anderson, 1989;Ritter, Hobfoll, Lavin, Cameron, & Hulsizer, 2000).Whereas having a child in the family is a source of stress, in some conditions (such as high-risk pregnancy), stress increases even more (Kemp & Hatmaker, 1989). High-risk pregnancy is described as any condition that negatively affects the health of the mother or the fetus a...

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Life stress, social support, and anxiety in mid‐ and late‐pregnancy among low income women

Cited by 108 publications

References 25 publications

Relationship between Health Promoting Lifestyle and Perceived Stress in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia

Relationship between Health Promoting Lifestyle and Perceived Stress in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia

"Assess the stress: Identifying psychosocial risk to optimize perinatal outcomes in military gravids"

Comparison of Women with Risk-free and High-Risk Pregnancy and Family Resilience

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