Lifespan extension by dietary restriction in female Drosophila melanogaster is not caused by a reduction in vitellogenesis or ovarian activity

Mair, William; Sgrò, Carla M.; Johnson, Alice; Chapman, Tracey; Partridge, Linda

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2004.03.018

Cited by 86 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…However, reproductive tactics early in life in lubber grasshoppers were not altered by life-extending CR (60% and 70% diets). This is consistent with the result that dietary restriction increased lifespan in sterile females of Drosophila (Mair et al 2004) and the notion that the life extending effects of calorie restriction do not absolutely depend on reducing reproduction. The 60% and 70% diets used in the present study tended to increase the total number of clutches produced.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Calorie restriction and late-onset calorie restriction extend lifespan but do not alter protein storage in female grasshoppers

Hatle

Wells

Fuller

et al. 2006

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development

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SummaryCalorie restriction (CR) and late-onset CR enhance longevity in many organisms. Resource allocation theory suggests that longevity is enhanced by increasing somatic storage, at the expense of current reproduction. Phytophagous insects accumulate amino acids as hemolymph storage proteins for major developmental events. We hypothesized that protein storage is involved in life extension from CR. In a longitudinal experiment, we tested whether CR altered protein storage in female grasshoppers. Individuals on CR (60% or 70%) or late-onset CR had at least 60% greater longevity than ad libitum individuals. Age at first oviposition, dry mass of the first clutch, or lifetime fecundity were not affected by CR, but CR did increase the number of clutches produced. Most important, females on life-extending CR and late-onset CR did not differ in the concentration of hemolymph storage of proteins in comparison to ad libitum females. Protein storage changed with time in all groups, demonstrating sufficient sensitivity in our methods. Previous experiments have shown that severe CR (~30% of ad libitum) can reduce hemolymph storage. Therefore, the reduction in intake needed to extend lifespan is not sufficient to reduce protein storage in the hemolymph. These results do not support the hypothesis that protein storage is involved in life extension from CR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Calorie restriction and late-onset calorie restriction extend lifespan but do not alter protein storage in female grasshoppers

Hatle

Wells

Fuller

et al. 2006

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development

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“…Figure axes represent the concentration of carbohydrate and protein in the diet ) to daily volumetric intake (μl) of Q-flies. The estimates are the regression coefficients from the general linear model AGE (2012AGE ( ) 34:1361AGE ( -1368diet at various ages decreased in the same rates with flies permanently on a restricted diet (Mair et al 2003(Mair et al , 2004. These changes in D. melanogaster mortality rates indicated that full diets increase acute risk of mortality, but do not increase aging-related damage .…”

Section: Nutrient-dependent Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial research has been devoted to identifying the mechanisms involved, especially in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegansi (Kimura et al 1997;Lakowski and Hekimi 1998;Dillin et al 2002), the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (Chapman and Partridge 1996;Clancy et al 2001;Mair et al 2003;Marden et al 2003), and the mouse Mus musculus (Hursting et al 1994;Bluher et al 2003;Harrison et al 2009). Insights into mechanisms underpinning the effects of DR on life span have come from studies drawing on several key techniques including gene mutations (e.g., Kimura et al 1997;Clancy et al 2001;Marden et al 2003), manipulations of reproduction (e.g., Hsin and Kenyon 1999;Cargill et al 2003;Mair et al 2004), and sophisticated dietary approaches (e.g. Bateman and Sonleitner 1967;Carey et al 1998;Mair et al 2003;Grandison et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein:carbohydrate ratios explain life span patterns found in Queensland fruit fly on diets varying in yeast:sugar ratios

Fanson

Taylor

2011

AGE

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Dietary restriction extends life span across a vast diversity of taxa, but significant challenges remain in elucidating the underlying mechanisms. Distinguishing between caloric and nutrient effects is an essential step. Recent studies with Drosophila and tephritid fruit flies have reported increased life span as dietary yeastto-sugar ratios decreased and these effects have been attributed to changes in protein-to-carbohydrate (P:C) ratios of the diets rather than calories. However, yeast is a complex mix of macronutrients and micronutrients, and hence changes in yeast content of the diet necessarily alters other nutrients in lockstep. To explicitly test whether studies using yeast are justified in attributing results to diet protein content rather than correlated nutrients, we developed a chemically defined diet allowing manipulation of just the ratio of protein (free amino acids) to carbohydrate (sucrose) levels of diets while holding other nutrients constant. Mated, female Queensland fruit flies (Q-flies) were fed 1 of 18 diets varying in P:C ratios and diet concentration. Diet consumption, egg production, and life span were recorded for each fly. In close concordance with recent studies using yeast diets, flies had increased life span as P:C ratios decreased, and caloric restriction did not extend life span. Similarly, egg production was maximized on high P:C ratios, but lifetime egg production was maximized on intermediate P:C ratios, indicating a life history trade-off between life span and egg production rate. Finally, Q-flies adjusted their diet intake in response to P:C ratios and diet concentration. Our results substantiate recent claims that P:C ratios significantly modulate life span in flies.

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“…For example, Grandison et al concluded that -since adding methionine back to a restricted diet can increase fecundity without reducing lifespan -the reduction of lifespan under full feeding does not result from nutrient reallocation away from survival and somatic maintenance to reproduction [15]. In support of this idea, DR can extend Drosophila lifespan even when flies are made sterile, suggesting that DR does not extend lifespan because it reduces reproduction [28] (but see conflicting evidence in Caenorhabditis elegans [29]). …”

Section: Dietary Uncoupling Of the Reproductionlifespan Trade-offmentioning

confidence: 57%

Amino acid modulation of lifespan and reproduction in Drosophila

Hoedjes

Rodrigues

Flatt

2017

Current Opinion in Insect Science

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1Manipulating amino acid (AA) intake in Drosophila can profoundly affect lifespan and reproduction. Remarkably, AA manipulation can uncouple the commonly observed trade-off between these traits. This finding seems to challenge the idea that this trade-off is due to competitive resource allocation, but here we argue that this view might be too simplistic. We also discuss the mechanisms of the AA response, mediated by the IIS/TOR and GCN2 pathways. Elucidating how these pathways respond to specific AA will likely yield important insights into how AA modulate the reproduction-lifespan relationship. The Drosophila model offers powerful genetic tools, combined with options for precise diet manipulation, to address these fundamental questions. Introduction: dietary effects on lifespan and reproductionNutrition plays a primary role in shaping the physiology, life history and behavior of organisms, and nutritional interventions can have substantial health benefits [1]. Dietary restriction (DR), that is, the reduced intake of nutrients without malnutrition, has been the most widely studied nutritional intervention since the 1930s when it was first demonstrated that DR extends lifespan in rats. Since then, a large body of research has established positive effects of DR on longevity and age-related pathology in numerous organisms, ranging from yeast and worms to insects and mammals. At the same time, DR typically reduces reproductive output [2,3]. The fact that reduced food intake extends lifespan at the expense of reproduction makes the study of DR, and of dietary effects more generally, of key significance for our understanding of the commonly observed trade-off between reproduction and longevity [4,5].Originally, reduced intake of calories was thought to be responsible for the lifespan-extending effects of DR, but this view began to shift when studies in Drosophila showed that lifespan extension under DR does not depend on caloric restriction [5,6]. By testing diets with different nutrient compositions ('nutritional geometry framework') [7], it was found that the ratio of proteins to carbohydrates (P:C ratio), not overall energetic content, affects lifespan and reproduction in Drosophila [8,9]. Today, there is growing evidence that especially dietary proteins play a major role in mediating the effects of DR [10,11] (but see [12]). Remarkably, beyond the effects of the proteins themselves, recent work suggests that the building blocks of proteins, that is, specific amino acids (AA), can profoundly impact lifespan and associated traits. For example, in both flies and mice, restriction of dietary methionine can extend lifespan to the same extent as DR [13][14][15][16].Here, we give a brief review of how AA modulate lifespan and reproduction, and the trade-off between these traits. We also provide a short overview of the molecular mechanisms by which AA might control these two traits and their relationship. We focus on recent research in the Drosophila model, given that this system combines unrivaled genetic tools, a solid...

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Lifespan extension by dietary restriction in female Drosophila melanogaster is not caused by a reduction in vitellogenesis or ovarian activity

Cited by 86 publications

References 57 publications

Calorie restriction and late-onset calorie restriction extend lifespan but do not alter protein storage in female grasshoppers

Calorie restriction and late-onset calorie restriction extend lifespan but do not alter protein storage in female grasshoppers

Protein:carbohydrate ratios explain life span patterns found in Queensland fruit fly on diets varying in yeast:sugar ratios

Amino acid modulation of lifespan and reproduction in Drosophila

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