Lifetime extension of wireless sensor network by selecting two cluster heads and hierarchical routing

Abstract

Most of the sensor nodes in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) have limited energy. In order to increase the network lifetime, some energy efficient algorithms were proposed earlier. It has been a challenge to design wireless sensor networks to enable applications for oceanographic data collection, pollution monitoring, offshore exploration, disaster prevention, assisted navigation and tactical surveillance applications. The main objective of this work is to find out the data routing method such that the battery life of sensor nodes can be prolonged. In this paper, A Two Cluster Head Energy efficient Wireless Sensor Network (TCHE-WSN) Algorithm was put forward. WSN consists of sensor nodes which sense the physical parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure and light etc and send them to a fusion center namely Base Station (BS) from where one can get the value of physical parameters at any time. Requirement of monitoring the environment might be anywhere, like middle of the sea or under the earth where man cannot go often to recharge the batteries which supplies the sensing device, transceiver and memory unit in the sensor node. So the usage of the battery power must be judicious in WSN. The present study demonstrates the data routing method from node to BS (Base Station) using two cluster heads to prolong the battery life of sensor nodes. The two cluster head analogy reduces the overhead of single cluster head, avoids packet collision, and improves reliable data transmission with little compromise in energy consumption and hop count compare to single cluster head method.

Towards Energy Efficient Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Comprehensive Review

“…Moreover, HMM-PSO [60], EBUC [62] and HSACP [64] use the ICD criterion to minimize the transmission energy of the non CHs SNs. To balance the energy consumption between the SNs and prevent their earlier death, DSBCA [47], HT2HL [49], TTCH-WSN [67] consider the criterion CH times. The majority of the reviewed protocols combine more than one criterion for the CHs election, such as ECH [57] and CECP [65] which consider both the remaining energy of the SNs and the distances between the SNs.…”

“…These protocols utilize the same criteria but in completely different manners and while targeting one objective; minimizing the overall dissipated energy. DSBCA [47], EEFL-CH [53], UCMR-FL [56], ECH [57], OSC [13], ECPF [44], HT2HL [49], IEEHCS [63], TTCH-WSN [67] and EBUC [62] make use of the largest number of energy related criteria in the CHs election process.…”

“…3) Hybrid Protocols TTCH-WSN: Meenakshi et al proposed a clustering protocol that investigates the idea of electing two CHs in each cluster [67]. The first CH receives the collected data from its cluster members and transmits it to the second CH which is in charge of data aggregation and communication with the BS.…”

A Hybrid ACO/PSO Based Algorithm For QoS Multicast Routing Problem

“…Lifetime extension of wireless sensor network [2] uses two cluster heads and hierarchical routing. In this paper an algorithm Two Cluster Head Energy efficient Wireless Sensor Network (TCHE-WSN) is proposed to improve the lifetime.…”

Load Balancing in WSN using Node Degree Ratio based Algorithm

“…Many authors have proposed different methods to prolong the battery life of a sensor node. A Two Cluster Head Energy efficient Wireless Sensor Network (TCHE-WSN) Algorithm was put forward to save the node energy [7].An Energy Efficient Filtering Method has been proposed. In this approach, each node controls its verification probabilities for event reports, which depend on sending nodes.…”