2017
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00276
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Lifetime Modulation of the Pain System via Neuroimmune and Neuroendocrine Interactions

Abstract: Chronic pain is a debilitating condition that still is challenging both clinicians and researchers. Despite intense research, it is still not clear why some individuals develop chronic pain while others do not or how to heal this disease. In this review, we argue for a multisystem approach to understand chronic pain. Pain is not only to be viewed simply as a result of aberrant neuronal activity but also as a result of adverse early-life experiences that impact an individual’s endocrine, immune, and nervous sys… Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(31 citation statements)
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References 278 publications
(365 reference statements)
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“…67 These activated mast cells may then go on to establish a self-sustaining positive feedback of neuroinflammation and autoimmunity, 68e70 with further complex interactions with other endocrine systems. 71,72 Our approach is independent of any assumptions about the ultimate underlying cause of ME/CFS. Observed patterns of immune dysregulation in the study cohort are sufficient for us to project concomitant differences in the HPA and HPG axes informed by known regulatory relationships between these systems.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…67 These activated mast cells may then go on to establish a self-sustaining positive feedback of neuroinflammation and autoimmunity, 68e70 with further complex interactions with other endocrine systems. 71,72 Our approach is independent of any assumptions about the ultimate underlying cause of ME/CFS. Observed patterns of immune dysregulation in the study cohort are sufficient for us to project concomitant differences in the HPA and HPG axes informed by known regulatory relationships between these systems.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moderne Schmerztheorien verstehen unter Schmerzmodulation Veränderungen der Schmerzwahrnehmung (Verringerung, Verstärkung), die immuno-neuro-endokrin vermittelt werden und in Abhängigkeit von aktuellen und vergangenen Umwelteinflüssen stehen [89].…”
Section: Schmerzmodulationunclassified
“…Aus Tierversuchen ist bekannt, dass die bidirektionale Interaktion zwischen Immun-und Nervensystem ausschlaggebend für die Schmerzmodulation ist [89]. Wie erläutert, können widrige oder traumatische Lebensereignisse wie Gewalt oder Missbrauch bereits während Schwangerschaft, Geburt oder früher Kindheit die Stressregulation aus dem Gleichgewicht bringen.…”
Section: Schmerzmodulationunclassified
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“…2 Chronic pain is a debilitating and challenging condition for both clinicians and researchers. 4 Despite intense research, it is still not clear why some individuals develop chronic pain while others do not; nor is it clear how to heal this disease. 4 TN and PIFP are considered to be two of the most confusing and difficult to treat facial pain conditions.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%