“…In the atom-based QSAR models study of the whole molecular structure of the ligands is carried out hence it is more useful in explaining the structure activity relationships. During the generation of atom-based 3D-QSAR models, the structural features of each atom is treated as van der Waals spheres [35,40]. The atoms are treated as hydrogen bond donor-D (hydrogen bonded to elements like N, O, P, and S), hydrophobic or nonpolar-H (C, Cl, Br, F, I), negative ionic group-N (atoms of negative charge), positive ionic group-P (atoms of positive charge), electronwithdrawing including hydrogen bond acceptor -W (non-ionic atoms like N, O) and miscellaneous-X (other types of atoms) as per simple internal rules [41,42].…”