Ligand-modified homologous targeted cancer cell membrane biomimetic nanostructured lipid carriers for glioma therapy

Abstract

The main treatment measure currently used for glioma treatment is chemotherapy; the biological barrier of solid tumors hinders the deep penetration of nanomedicines and limits anticancer therapy. Furthermore, the poor solubility of many chemotherapeutic drugs limits the efficacy of antitumor drugs. Therefore, improving the solubility of chemotherapeutic agents and drug delivery to tumor tissues through the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blood–brain tumor barrier (BBTB) are major challenges in glioma treatment. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have high drug loading capacity, high stability, and high in vivo safety; moreover, they can effectively improve the solubility of insoluble drugs. Therefore, in this study, we used solvent volatilization and ultrasonic melting methods to prepare dihydroartemisinin nanostructured lipid carrier (DHA-NLC). We further used the glioma C6 cancer cell (CC) membrane to encapsulate DHA-NLC owing to the homologous targeting mechanism of the CC membrane; however, the targeting ability of the CC membrane was weak. We accordingly used targeting ligands for modification, and developed a bionanostructured lipid carrier with BBB and BBTB penetration and tumor targeting abilities. The results showed that DHA-loaded NGR/CCNLC (asparagine–glycine–arginine, NGR) was highly targeted, could penetrate the BBB and BBTB, and showed good anti-tumor effects both in vitro and in vivo , which could effectively prolong the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. Thus, the use of DHA-loaded NGR/CCNLC is an effective strategy for glioma treatment and has the potential to treat glioma.

Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis targeting fetal nucleated red blood cells

“…In vivo, nanomaterials can perform targeted transport of the coated drugs to the lesion, thus reducing immune rejection, and increasing the treatment efficacy of the drug. This technology has been widely used for cell sorting [ 154 , 155 ], liquid biopsy [ 156 ], fluorescent labeling [ 157 , 158 ], biosensors [ 159 , 160 ], and target drug delivery [ 161 , 162 ].…”

“…Due to the high number of WBCs in peripheral blood, they will adhere to the substrate even with dynamically capture and may interference with the downstream analysis. To address this problem, an increasing number of studies have verified that cancer cell membranes, erythrocyte membranes, and leukocyte membranes have anti-leukocyte adhesion effects that greatly increase the purity of cells, and thus, the technique has been widely used for sorting rare cells [ 162 , 168 , 170 , 177 , 178 ]. For example, Wang et al [ 170 ] achieved the isolation and enrichment of fNRBCs in early pregnancy using a magnetic nanoparticle encapsulated with a mixed membrane of leukocytes and erythrocytes (Fig.…”

Neutrophil membrane-coated therapeutic liposomes for targeted treatment in acute lung injury

“…The specific molecules on the surface of NM provided homologous targeting; this targeting mechanism is also widely used in targeted therapy for various types of tumors ( Chen et al, 2021 , Chen et al, 2016 ). Camouflage of cell membranes might effectively circumvent the immune system, extend the blood circulation of drug, and increase the drug accumulation in the focus area ( Zhen et al, 2019 ).…”

Cell-Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery to the Brain for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases

“…Firstly, cancer cells have the ability to proliferate indefinitely [ 79 ]. Therefore, the acquisition of cancer cell membranes does not necessarily require access to the body; cancer cells can also be acquired by culturing in vitro, which means that cancer cell membranes can be easily accessed [ 80 , 81 , 82 ]. Secondly, cancer cells have immune-evasion capabilities.…”